background and purpose: today, treatment of life-threatening fungal infections, caused by candida species, has become a major problem. in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the antifungal susceptibility patterns of different clinical candida isolates, determine the virulence factors in multi-drug resistant (mdr) candida species, and assess the anti-biofilm activity of elettaria cardamomum ...

the objective of this study was to investigate the genotypic characteristics of campylobacter isolates in shiraz, iran. a total of 40 campylobacter isolates including 20 c. jejuni and 20 c. coli were recovered from both cattle and sheep faeces by cultivation methods. the isolates were identified on the basis of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detection of 16srrna and multiplex pcr to determine ...

background: escherichia coli is the most causative agent of urinary tract infections (utis). apart from all human infectious diseases, uti have a high prevalence and in most cases, escherichia coli is a dominance bacterium which can cause pyelonephritis and cystitis. the aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of some virulence genes expressing fimbriae, production of hemolysin and aer...

colibacillosis caused by e.coli is one of the most common illnesses in commercial chickens and induce high financial losses in the poultry industry due to morbidity, mortality and antibiotic expenses because of overuses. e.coli can mostly cause disease as a secondary or opportunistic pathogen, while certain strains with specific virulence factors even as primary pathogen can cause colibacillosi...

beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin is an important natural regulator of insect populations. identification of a suitable molecular marker for detecting a virulent phenotype on a target pest would be useful in screening for effective isolates against the pest. nine isolates of b. bassiana were tested for their virulence to adults of tribolium castaneum (herbst) in laboratory bioassay with 1×...

objective: the aim of the this study was to investigate the prevalence of toxb, paa, lpf and iha adhesion genes in enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) isolates lacking in two important adhesion factors, the eaea and bfpa genes. methods: we examined a total of 70 serologically confirmed epec (eaea-, bfpa-) isolates. dna from the isolates was extracted by the phenol-chloroform method. toxb,...

colibacillosis caused by avian pathogenic escherichia coli (apec) is an economic threat to the poultry industry throughout the world. some of the virulence genes may enhance the ability of e. coli isolates to grow in the tissues of broilers. the apec strains are assigned to a few distinct phylogenetic groups. the purpose of the present study was to detect the virulence genes and phylogenetic gr...