This article critically examines Saul Kripke’s (1972) argument for the separability of necessary truths from truths known a priori, focusing on his criticism of the standard meter case presented by Wittgenstein (1968). It attempts to show that Kripke’s argument is unworkable on any of several readings. Wittgenstein’s own broadly conventionalist account of necessary truth is then considered in t...

in this paper, by investigating the common weights concept and dea models with nonlinear virtual inputs/outputs, we introduce a model for evaluating the decision making units with nonlinear virtual inputs and outputs based on the common weights.