Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) could infect many economic fish species and cause the fish nervous tissue necrosis vacuolization in histopathology. Once the fish is infected with NNV, 80-100% mortality will occour in grouper breeding farm. However, the immune system does not develop completely in grouper larva. Therefore, the traditional vaccine may not be effective during larva stage. This study ...

AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed on aqueous humour for the detection of viral DNA in patients with necrotising herpetic retinitis. METHODS The clinical features and laboratory results of 22 patients (29 eyes) presenting with necrotising herpetic retinitis between March 1999 and June 2001 were reviewed retrospectively. Aqueous humour was obtaine...

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic value of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed on aqueous humour for the detection of viral DNA in patients with necrotising herpetic retinitis. Methods: The clinical features and laboratory results of 22 patients (29 eyes) presenting with necrotising herpetic retinitis between March 1999 and June 2001 were reviewed retrospectively. Aqueous humour was obtaine...

In the south Sumatra region of Indonesia, tiger grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, and humpbuck grouper, Cromileptes altivelis, are commercially important fish species. Recently, however, mass mortalities of the two species have occurred in the region and the cause of these mortalities has not been clarified. We surveyed the distribution of fish viruses including viral nervous necrosis virus (...

PURPOSE To report the diagnosis, management, and outcome of acute retinal necrosis syndrome in children. METHOD Case series of three consecutive children aged 11 years and younger who were diagnosed with acute retinal necrosis. In addition to full ocular and systemic examinations, the children underwent vitreous biopsy (Patients 1 and 2) or aqueous tap (Patient 3) for polymerase chain reactio...

Using deep sequencing, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resistance-associated mutations were detected as minority species in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 4 patients with higher HIV type 1 RNA load in CSF than in plasma, but not in 2 patients with higher plasma viral load. Deep sequencing could help our understanding of viral escape in the central nervous system.

We show that inactivating the beta(2)m gene increases the viral load of SJL/J mice persistently infected by Theiler's virus. Together with previous results, this shows that the characteristics of Tmevp1, a locus which controls the amount of viral RNA that persists in the central nervous system, are those of an H-2 class I gene.