The circulation and transport of suspended particulate matter in the Caravelas Estuary are assessed. Nearlysynoptic hourly hydrographic, current (ADCP velocity and volume transport) and suspended particulate matter data were collected during a full semidiurnal spring tide, on the two transects Boca do Tomba and Barra Velha and on longitudinal sections at low and high tide. On the first transect...

A recent paradigm explains that the downward pumping of biogenic carbon in ocean is performed by combined action six different biological pumps (BCPs): gravitational pump, physically driven (Mixed Layer Pump, Eddy Subduction Pump and Large-scale Pump), animal-driven (diurnal seasonal vertical migrations zooplankton larger animals). Here, we propose a research community approach to implement new...

Transport of suspended sediment in high Reynolds number channel flows Re=O 600 000 is simulated using large-eddy simulation along with a dynamic-mixed model DMM . Because the modeled sediment concentration is low and the bulk Stokes’ number Stb is small during the simulation, the sediment concentration is calculated through the use of the Eulerian approach. In order to employ the DMM for the su...

We present a numerical study of the acoustophoretic motion of particles suspended in a liquid-filled PDMS microchannel on a lithium niobate substrate acoustically driven by surface acoustic waves. We employ a perturbation approach where the flow variables are divided into first- and second-order fields. We use impedance boundary conditions to model the PDMS microchannel walls and we model the a...

Doppler effect-based oceanographic instruments have proved very useful in studies of the vertical structure of currents, as well as for vertical fluxes between different layers in frontal zones and upwelling. This paper describes our experiences with a Recording Doppler Current Profiler in the Estonian coastal waters in 2003–2008. The primary task of the field campaigns varied from coastal geom...

The use of a high-contrast grating (HCG) as the top mirror in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) allows for setting the resonance wavelength by the grating parameters in a post-epitaxial growth fabrication process. Using this technique, we demonstrate electrically driven multi-wavelength VCSEL arrays at ~980 nm wavelength. The VCSELs are GaAs-based and the suspended GaAs HCGs were...

Introduction: Coronary artery bypass grafting is a surgical operation that bypasses atherosclerotic coronary vessels and restores blood flow to the ischemic zone of hearts. And two different conventional methods are ON-pump CABG, and Off-pump CABG.  Altogether, the efficacy and safety of these two types of surgical procedures are still under debate. In this study, we aim to com...

The performance of a novel industrial membrane bioreactor (MBR) comprising denitrification, nitrification and ultrafiltration for the secondary treatment of primary treated animal rendering wastewater has been compared with an experimental, low-cost and novel vertical-flow constructed treatment wetland planted with Typha latifolia L. The process wastewater followed pre-treatment by dissolved ai...

We present electrically-injected MEMS-tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with emission wavelengths below 800 nm. Operation in this wavelength range, near the oxygen A-band from 760-780 nm, is attractive for absorption-based optical gas sensing. These fully-monolithic devices are based on an oxide-aperture AlGaAs epitaxial structure and incorporate a suspended dielectric Bragg mirro...

Demonstrated are 1060 nm microelectromechanical-systems-based tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (MEMS-VCSELs) with a 100 nm continuous tuning range under repetitively scanned operation at rates beyond 500 kHz and a 90 nm continuous tuning range under static operation. These devices employ a thin strained InGaAs multiple quantum well active region integrated with a fully oxidised G...