BACKGROUND Despite strong evidence for the effectiveness of anti-retroviral therapy for improving the health of women living with HIV and for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), HIV persists as a major maternal and child health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. In most settings antenatal care (ANC) services and HIV treatment services are offered in separate clinics. Integrating...

The complex and widely‐spread problems that occur in the current business world need multiply skilled employees to solve them. Solving complicated problems also requires scholars and researchers to collaborate with colleagues outside of their own discipline. Hence, educational institutions are constantly striving to develop study programs that aim to combine, integrate, mix or ...

During the 1970s and 1980s, methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) became endemic in hospitals worldwide [1]. By 2007, a large-scale epidemiological study determined that 94 000 cases of invasive MRSA disease and 19 000 MRSA-related in-hospital deaths occurred annually in the United States [2]. Using these estimates, an editorial suggested that the burden of MRSA deaths exceeded that...

In their study, 30 female college athletes performed a neuromuscular training program before practice 6 days per week for 6 weeks. Chappell and Limpisvasti reported task-specific improvements in kinetic and kinematic parameters after participants completed the intervention. Interestingly, they also concluded that " Completion of a 6-week neuromuscular training program improved select athletic p...

Bracelet creases among the twins were examined. A total of 42 pairs of twins (monozygotic twins-16 pairs, dizygotic like sex twins-20 pairs and dizygotic unlike sex twins-6 pairs) from the states of West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh of India were studied for this purpose. High discordance value in dizygotic twins in various types of bracelet creases is found to be sufficient to account for the hig...

CaliciNet, the outbreak surveillance network for noroviruses in the United States, was launched in March 2009. As of January 2011, twenty state and local health laboratories had been certified to submit norovirus sequences and epidemiologic outbreak data to CaliciNet. During the network's first year, 552 outbreaks were submitted to CaliciNet, of which 78 (14%) were associated with foodborne tra...

We report the pregnancy outcome and clinical and laboratory findings in infants born to women with chikungunya infection during pregnancy. There was evidence of vertical transmission and poor pregnancy outcome in some cases.

Potato virus Y group C isolates (PVYC) have been characterized according to biological, molecular and genetic criteria. Two genetic strains, PVYC1 and PVYC2, were identified on the basis of genetic distances (among them and other PVY strains), host range (ability or inability to infect pepper), MAb response (ELISA recognition with MAb 10E3) and coat protein processing site. Some characteristics...