there are significant structural differences between the mouth and pharyngeal cavity of birds and mammals. it is usual to refer to a common oropharyngeal cavity of birds because the soft palate, which forms such an obvious delineation between the mouth and pharyngeal cavity, is absent. six male adult ostriches were used to study the oropharyngeal cavity and its components including the beak, ha...

background: mullerian disorders are present in 5-25% of infertile women. myoma, polyp and endometrial adhesions are among other involved factors in infertility. objective: the aim of this study was to determine the frequency distribution of pregnancy occurrence in infertile women after the diagnostic-surgical hysteroscopy on selected infertile cases including those with abnormal uterine. materi...

For most acoustic metamaterials, once they have been fabricated, their operating frequencies and functions cannot be adjusted, which is an intrinsic barrier for the development of realistic applications. The study to overcome this limit has become a significant issue in metamaterial engineering. Although with advance metamaterials past two decades, series methods such as electric or magnetic co...

We investigated the production of proinflammatory cytokines by the lung during high mechanical stretch in vivo. To do this, we subjected rats to high-volume (42 ml/kg tidal volume [VT]) ventilation for 2 h. The animals developed severe pulmonary edema and alveolar flooding, with a high protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The animals' BALF contained no tumor necrosis fa...

objective: various techniques of composite placement have been used to decrease microleakage around the composite restorations. due to controversial results, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different placement techniques on microleakage in class v composite restorations. materials and methods: sixty class v cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces o...

in design of defense structures, concrete are often used to provide protection against incidental dynamic loadings such as the impact of a steel projectile. in the present study, a new analytical model is proposed to predict penetration depth into concrete targets by ogive nose projectile. hence, to ­ develop the model and simulate penetration of high velocity ogive-shape nose steel projectiles...

OBJECTIVE To standardize a technique for ventilating rat fetuses with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) using a volume-controlled ventilator. METHODS Pregnant rats were divided into the following groups: a) control (C); b) exposed to nitrofen with CDH (CDH); and c) exposed to nitrofen without CDH (N-). Fetuses of the three groups were randomly divided into the subgroups ventilated (V) and...

Retrospective analysis of forty-two consecutive patients with flail chest injuries admitted to the Trauma Research Unit of the Naval Regional Medical Center, San Deigo from June 1972 to July 1975 compared ventilatory and nonventilatory management. The actual need for ventilatory support in these patients was determined by analyzing their records for evidence of significant pulmonary dysfunction...