The visual world is rich in linearly polarized light stimuli, which are hidden from the human eye. But many invertebrate species make use of polarized light as a source of valuable visual information. However, exploiting light polarization does not necessarily imply that the electric (e)-vector orientation of polarized light can be perceived as a separate modality of light. In this Review, I ad...

results the results showed that the epoxy plates 6 and 2 mm thick had the highest and the lowest averages of shielding effectiveness at 4.48 db and 1.90 db, respectively. however, increasing the thickness was useful up to 4 mm. in addition, in a similar attenuation pattern, x-band frequency was divided into lower, middle, and upper sections. the lower section had the highest shielding effective...

We compare measurements of simple multisines using instruments capable of characterizing both magnitude and relative phase of the measured signals. The three instruments we compared reported relative phase measurements within a few degrees of each other with a standard deviation of less than a degree at microwave frequencies for both wide and narrow modulation bandwidths. Key Words—digital samp...

<span>This study investigated the microwave characterization of a potential organic-based substrate pandanus atrocarpus. Pandanus atrocarpus, also known as "pandan mengkuang", is easily found at riverside and beach areas in Penisular Malaysia. The experiment's objective was to measure dielectric constant tangent loss using coaxial probe method by employing vector network analyzer (VNA) pr...

Compliance of a lone equipment with the electromagnetic compatibility standards does not directly result in proper operation when used on system level, especially large and complex structures. A more robust way to incorporate possible unwanted behaviors unpredicted scenarios is expand testing by adopting risk-based approach. This letter addresses an interference case caused differential mode vo...

In this paper, dielectric measurements were carried out to obtain conductivity, permittivity (real and imaginary parts) loss tangent of Dead Sea water. These properties measured using two different methods: Vector Network Analyzer “VNA” (Dielectric Assessment Kit “DAK”) Four Probe method, all taken at room temperature (25˚C). The collected data has been analyzed in the frequency range (200 MHz ...