Sodium nitroprusside, by a peripheral vasodilator action, is a powerful hypotensive drug. In contrast to established agents, its hypotensive action is accompanied by an unchanged or augmented cardiac output. Intravenous administration of sodium nitroprusside rapidly produces a profound and controllable hypotension. Normotension is swiftly restored by ceasing to infuse the agent, and antidotes a...

Heart failure is a chronic, progressive disease in which the overexpression of biologically active molecules and neurohomonal activation are the key factors of the evolution and natural history. The apelin-APJ system is a newly discovered molecular pathway and the RAAS counterbalance is its principal effect. The apelin is a potent inotrope, vasodilator and diuretic with crucial cardioprotective...

Inhaled nitric oxide allows selective pulmonary vasodilatation with rapidity of action. It is effective in the acute post-operative management of pulmonary hypertension in cardiac surgical patients and is also valuable in assessing the pulmonary vasodilator capacity in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension. This review examines the current role of inhaled nitric oxide in cardiac medicine...

Vasodilators play an important role in the management of acute heart failure, particularly when increased afterload is the precipitating cause of decompensation. The time-honored approach to afterload reduction has been largely focused on use of intravenous nitrovasodilators and, when properly dosed, this class of agents does provide substantial symptom relief for patients with acute hypertensi...

Pretreatment of phenylephrine (0.5 microM)-preconstricted, isolated perfused kidneys of the male rat with indomethacin (2.8 microM) or BM 13.177 (20 microM) abolished the vasoconstrictor response to arachidonic acid (AA), uncovering a vasodilator response. BW 755C (25 microM), a dual cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase inhibitor, did not modify the vasodilator effect of AA, whereas 5,8,11,14-eicosatetr...

About 10 years ago, Furchgott and Zawadzki2 /... made a remarkable observation that helped .Lk.clarify variable effects of acetylcholine on arterial tone. They demonstrated that isolated arteries relaxed in response to acetylcholine and other endogenous vasoactive agents only in the presence of an intact endothelium and postulated that endothelial cells released a diffusible vasodilator princip...

Minoxidil is a piperidine-pyrimidine derivative and potent vasodilator approved orally for severe hypertension topically androgenetic alopecia (AGA).[1][1] The minimum plasma threshold induction of hair growth an order magnitude below the required any hemodynamic