Among the suspected reasons for varicose vein formation are changes in the quantity and content of the elastin protein; however, comprehensive investigations about elastin assembly in varicose vein formation are yet lacking. In this study, we aimed to determine the changes in mRNA levels of elastin and some of its functionally related proteins, fibulin 5, LOXL-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in varicose vei...

Despite the high prevalence of venous diseases that are associated with and based on the structural reorganization of the venous vessel wall, not much is known about their mechanistic causes. In this context, we demonstrated that the quantity of myocardin, a transcriptional regulator of the contractile and quiescent smooth muscle cell phenotype, was diminished in proliferating synthetic venous ...

Postpartum thrombosis of varicose veins of the round ligament may present in a clinical picture similar to an irreducible inguinal hernia. Two such unusual cases are reported. One patient underwent surgery while the other, with a presumptive diagnosis of the same condition, was observed, with no complications occurring in both patients. This condition has not to my knowledge been previously rep...

It has taken long to dispel this idea concerning the treatment of varicose veins during pregnancy. As late as 1929, Douthwaite,2 an authority on the treatment of varicose veins, gives pregnancy as a contra-indication for injection treatment, and Maingot3 in his book published in 1932 likewise deprecates this mode of treatment. Neither author gives any valid reason for his contention. Levi4 woul...

Varicose veins are common in Western populations, affecting an estimated 22–29% of the population. About 5% of these people have venous edema, skin changes, or venous ulcers. Varicosities are more commonly found in women, and the Framingham study showed that 10% of women younger than 30 years and 77% of women older than 70 years have varicose veins. Risk factors include family history, advancin...

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) describes diseases of the lower limb veins in which venous return is impaired and varicose veins and skin ulceration may develop. The roles o f purinergic signalling in regulation of vascular tone in the long saphenous vein (LSV) and in the trophic changes occurring in LSV muscle cells and epidermal keratinocytes in lower leg skin were studied. The purinergic ...

INTRODUCTION No existing patient-reported outcome instrument focuses solely on assessment of varicose veins symptoms that are bothersome to patients. METHODS The VVSymQ® instrument is a five-item patient-reported outcome that assesses symptoms most important to patients with varicose veins (heaviness, achiness, swelling, throbbing and itching). This paper describes how the VVSymQ® instrument ...

Purpose: This study aimed at clarifying the changes in treatments for primary varicose veins in Japan. Methods: A questionnaire was mailed to the members of the Japanese Society of Phlebology. The contents of the survey covered the treatment and treatment strategy of varicose vein cases in 2013. The results were examined and compared with the results of previous surveys conducted by the aforesa...

This report details the case of a 76-year old woman who was found dead at her home in a pool of blood after suffering leg injury by her pet cat. A claw was found on her trauma. Veterinary examination verified that the claw belonged to her cat. Macroscopic and microscopic findings confirmed that the victim was suffering from varicose veins in the lower limbs. Though the death scene suggested tha...

BACKGROUND Clinical assessment and prognostic stratification of primary varicose veins have remained controversial and the molecular pathogenesis is unknown. Previous data have suggested a contribution of the MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) polymorphism c.677C>T. METHODS We collected blood and vein specimens from 159 consecutive patients undergoing varicose vein surgery, or autolo...