BACKGROUND Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic that inhibits both plasminogen activation and plasmin activity, thus preventing clot break-down rather than promoting new clot formation. TXA has been used around the world to safely control bleeding since the 1960s. A large randomized trial recently conducted in >20,000 trauma patients adds to the large body of data documenting the useful...

OBJECTIVES Postcoital bleeding is an uncommon cause of gynecologic hemorrhage; however, it can be severe in a majority of cases necessitating surgical management. METHODS We report a case of severe postcoital bleeding in a young woman requiring blood transfusion. RESULTS Hemostasis was achieved using subselective embolization of cervical artery by metallic coils. CONCLUSION Our case demon...

BACKGROUND Endoscopic band ligation is the treatment of choice for bleeding esophageal varices. However it is not clear if this procedure is associated with less early and late mortality than sclerotherapy. AIM To assess rates of re-bleeding and mortality in cohorts of patients with bleeding esophageal varices treated with endoscopic injection or band ligation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Analysis...

Background. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a suture-fixation mucopexy procedure by comparing with Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation (DGHAL) in the management of patients with grade III hemorrhoids. Methods. This was a randomized controlled trial. One hundred patients with grade III hemorrhoids were randomly assigned to receive suture-fixation mucopexy (n = 50) or DGHAL (n =...

Exsanguinating hemorrhage often results from a duodenal ulcer penetrating the posterior wall. If the patient's condition does not stabilize after replacement of 25 percent of the blood volume, surgery must be undertaken immediately. For the patient who presents in shock but becomes stable with volume replacement, endoscopy or arteriography may be performed, depending on the presumed site of ble...

Lower GI bleeding (LGIB) afflicts 20 to 27 of every 100,000 persons annually in the United States. The rate of LGIB increases more than 200-fold from the third to the ninth decade of life, with 25% to 35% of all cases occurring in elderly patients. It is one of the common medical emergencies that can become life-threatening in elderly patients. Risk stratification for LGIB by Strate et al. has ...

We describe a technique for the management of prolapsing hemorrhoids, with the aim to minimize the risk of anal stricture and rectovaginal fistula and to reduce the impact of the stapling technique on rectal compliance. This modified procedure was successfully applied in China, and preliminary data showed promising outcomes (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/DCR/A1...

The bleeding times of five volunteers were assessed individually by each of 12 observers. The reliability of the measurements obtained was examined by comparing statistically the variability between subjects and between observers. This variability was found to be similar for both groups. Consequently, we suggest that the bleeding time estimation is an unreliable test and should not be used in i...

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Helping and sharing among humans is often motivated by empathy and accompanied by a sense of satisfaction. To determine whether similar self-rewarding mechanisms may underpin assistance among nonhuman primates, eight female brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) underwent testing in a simple choice paradigm. Paired with a partner, subjects could select either a "selfish" option that rewarded onl...