conclusions closed suction caused fewer disturbances in patients’ hemodynamic condition, took shorter time, and is more economical. therefore, this method can replace open suction method in caring of severely critically ill patients. results no significant differences were observed between the two suctioning methods in terms of mean systolic blood pressure (p = 0.075), diastolic blood pressure ...

background critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation require frequent suctioning of airway secretion. closed suction permits suctioning without disconnection from ventilator; so it might decrease hypoxemia and infection rate. objectives this study aimed to evaluate the effect of closed tracheal suction system (ctss) versus open tracheal suction system (otss). patients and methods thi...

abstract background: ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is a common side effect in patients with an endotracheal tube. this study aimed to evaluate the effect of an upper respiratory care program on the incidence of vap in mechanically ventilated patients. materials and methods: in this clinical trial, 62 patients with endotracheal tube were selected and randomly allocated to intervention or...

Very large roof suctions on low-rise buildings occur for isolated buildings during both full-scale experiments and wind tunnel tests performed by many investigators. This paper investigates the sensitivity of these high suctions to the presence of multiple surrounding building configurations. This study uses as a basic building shape the Wind Engineering Research Field Laboratory building (WERF...

Long-linear assets, such as roads and railways, supported by earthworks are susceptible to deterioration caused weather cycles, that translate into changes in soil hydro-mechanical properties. Failures these expected become more common due climate change periods of drought extreme rainfall events frequent. In the present study, effect suction range moisture cycle on soil-water retention curve (...

BACKGROUND Internal fixation of femoral fractures requires drilling holes through the cortical bone of the shaft of the femur. Intramedullary suction reduces the fat emboli produced by reaming and nailing femoral fractures but requires four suction portals to be drilled into the femoral shaft. This work investigated the effect of these additional holes on the strength of the femur. METHODS Fi...

This two-part paper describes a compressor redesign program for improving efficiency, lowering sound emission, and cost. Part 2 indicates how sound and discharge pulse were reduced through research conducted on transmission loss of plastic vs. steel manifolds and discharge pulse modeling using four pole parameters Common reciprocating compressors utilize steel flapper valves and a Cylinder Head...

Mast cells and their proteases are thought to participate in the development of skin blisters in various pathological conditions. In this study, suction blistering was used as an experimental model to evaluate the significance of mast cells in blister formation after pre-treatment of normal skin with intradermal injections of 100 microg/ml compound 48/80 (a mast cell degranulator) or with 0.1% ...