The processes that fix the fractionation of the stable isotopologues of water in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) are studied using cloud-resolving model simulations of an idealized equatorial Walker circulation with an imposed Brewer-Dobson circulation. This simulation framework allows the explicit representation of the convective and microphysical processes at work in the TTL. In this mode...

We investigate the hydrogen bonding percolation threshold of water molecules at the surface of the liquid-vapor interface. We show that the percolation temperature agrees within statistical accuracy with the high-temperature inflection point of the water surface tension. We associate the origin of this surface tension anomaly of water with the sudden breakup of the hydrogen-bonding network in t...

As a part of the third Tibetan Plateau Experiment of Atmospheric Sciences (TIPEX III) in China, a Raman water vapor, cloud and aerosol lidar and a coherent wind lidar were operated in Naqu (31.48°N, 92.06°E) with a mean elevation of more than 4500 m above MSL in summer of 2014. During the field campaign, the water vapor mixing ratio profiles were obtained and validated by radiosonde observation...

Most methods of measuring the diffusive conductance to water vapor of individual plant leaves potentially change the leaf environment by enclosing part of the leaf in order to measure the rate of water vapor exchange and the driving force for that exchange. There have been questions about whether leaf to air water vapor pressure difference varies sufficiently in extensive crop canopies to be a ...

Flow boiling in a straight\ rectangular channel was investigated to explore the conditions leading to critical heat ~ux "CHF#[ The ~ow channel had a 4[9×1[4 mm cross!section and 090[5 mm heated length^ heat was applied to the shorter dimension along only one wall[ Tests were performed with FC!61 liquid over a velocity range of 9[14 to 09 m s and at outlet subcoolings of 2\ 05 and 18>C[ Video im...

[1] Convective turbulence within the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and movement of the ABL over the surface results in a large spatial (10–10 km) integration of surface fluxes that affects the CO2 and water vapor mixing ratios. We apply quasi-equilibrium concepts for the terrestrial ABL to measurements of CO2 and water vapor made within the ABL from a tall tower (396 m) in Wisconsin. We supp...

With the advent of the microwave radiometer, passive remote sensing of clouds and precipitation has become an indispensable tool in a variety of meteorological and oceanographical applications. There is wide interest in the quantitative retrieval of water vapor, cloud liquid, and ice using brightness temperature observations in scientific studies such as earth’s radiation budget and microphysic...

The transfer of chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene is the prerequisite for many applications. Herein, we introduce a simple and eco-friendly electrochemical technique to transfer graphene using agarose gel as the solid electrolyte and a mechanical support layer for graphene sheets. This transfer technique will be a perfect candidate for the industrial applications of graphene.

The ZnO nanoflowers were synthesized by reactive vapor deposition. A secondary nucleation in the stalk/leaves interface was suggested. The photoluminescence revealed that there were many oxygen vacancies in the nanoflowers. To tune the optical properties of ZnO nanoflowers, ZnO thin films with varying thicknesses were coated on the nanoflowers by atomic layer deposition, which can distinctly im...

S DUE MARCH 30TH Submit abstracts and register for the conference at http://www.ipsl.jussieu.fr/gewex/ • New boundary layer project started • CEOP Draft Implementation Plan issued • New Chairs for GRP and GHP • Pre-CEOP CD ROMs Planned • GRP to focus on integrated/joint data • New cloud, precipitation, and water vapor set analysis and diagnostics profiling group to be formed