Although the nature of solvent-protein interactions is generally weak and non-specific, addition of cosolvents such as denaturants and osmolytes strengthens protein-protein interactions for some proteins, whereas it weakens protein-protein interactions for others. This is exemplified by the puzzling observation that addition of glycerol oppositely affects the association constants of two antibo...

Discrete nature of water plays critical role in protein folding and thermodynamics. Explicit all-atom modeling of solvent severely limits the length and time scales of molecular dynamics simulations of protein. In this project, we evaluated accuracy and computational efficiency of four different solvent models, all-atom solvent models ( SPC/E and TIP3P ), Generalized Born Implicit Solvent, and ...

13C-direct detection NMR has several advantages compared to proton detection, including a tendency relax slower and wider chemical shift range. However, the sensitivity of is much lower than that because its gyromagnetic ratio. In addition, virtual decoupling procedure often performed remove peak splitting in axis, which further reduces 1/√2. this study, enhance experiments, we developed HCACO-...

On the basis of isotopic results obtained with Torulopsis utilis and Neurospora crassa, Strassman et al. (1) and Adelberg (2) have proposed a mechanism for valine biosynthesis in which pyruvate is converted to a-acetolactate. Acetolactate would then undergo a rearrangement to yield the carbon skeleton of valine. Abelson (3) showed that pyruvate, in competition with glucose, gave rise to the car...

This research focuses on the effects of water in a solvent on a synthetic process of a Grignard reagent which is common in organic synthesis and triggered an accident in Japan. For the measurement, a hermetically sealed apparatus was prepared to fit a small-scaled reaction calorimeter. The experimental results revealed that the induction period appeared as the water content in the solvent incre...

The phenomenological model of Khossravi and Connors (1992) has been adopted to calculate the electrophoretic mobility of drugs at different concentrations of solvents in a binary mixture. The accuracy and predictability of the model have been evaluated employing 14 experimental data sets by using average percentage mean deviation (APMD). The obtained APMD for correlative and predictive studies ...

The excited-state lifetime of the metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excited state or states of Ru(bpy)3Z+ has been measured in a series of solvents a t a series of temperatures. The data can be fit to the equation r(T)-' = k + k"' exp [ (AE'/k,T)] where k is the sum of the radiative ( k , ) and nonradiative (k, ,) rate constants for decay of the MLCT state(s) and the temperature-dependent ...