BACKGROUND We used self-administered vaginal swabs to assess the incidence and clearance of carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in rural Rakai, Uganda. METHODS Women provided self-administered vaginal swab at annual home-based visits. Type-specific carcinogenic HPV incidence and clearance and risk factors were assessed. RESULTS Carcinogenic HPV incidence was 17.3 per 100 pers...

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) in humans. It is caused by a motile pathogenic protozoan, Trichomonas vaginalis. Clinical diagnosis of trichomoniasis is not reliable due to nonspecific clinical presentation, which overlaps with the clinical features of other sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, confirmation of suspected clinical cases by laboratory tests is essential...

The aim of this study was to investigate the period of estrus cycle in aceh cattle, Indonesia, based on vaginal cytology techniques. Four healthy females of aceh cattle with average weight of 250-300 kg, age of 5-7 years, and body condition score of 3-4 were used. All cattle were subjected to ultrasonography analysis for the occurrence of corpus luteum before being synchronized using intramuscu...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to formulate a statistical model that relates human microflora to probabilities for vaginal colonization by group B Streptococcus (GBS). METHODS Longitudinal observations of total bacterial concentrations at various times during the menstrual cycle were obtained from overtly healthy, non-pregnant, menarcheal women. During each menstrual period and at ap...

OBJECTIVES Evaluation of the medical care provided to victims of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA). DESIGN A retrospective cross sectional study. SETTING The general outpatient clinic of a 150 bed secondary health care facility in Ibadan, Nigeria. PARTICIPANTS Children < 18 years who were treated as Victim's sexual assault. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Investigations and treatment prescribed for CSA vic...

background and objectives: bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common disorder which happens when the balance of bacterial flora in vagina is disrupted by a shift in concentration of lactobacillus and pathogenic bacteria. it has significant sequelae including increased rates of late miscarriage when diagnosed in early pregnancy, premature rupture of the membranes, endometritis, preterm labour and del...

BACKGROUND Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a polymicrobial, superficial vaginal infection involving a reduction in the amount of hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus and overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria. Common symptoms include increased fishy smelling vaginal discharge which is usually white or gray in color. Burning with urination may occur and itching is uncommon. Risk factors include douch...

Data on immune mediators in the genital tract and the factors that modulate them in sub-Saharan women are limited. Cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) samples from 430 sexually active women from Kenya, South Africa, and Rwanda were analyzed for 12 soluble immune mediators using Bio-Plex and Meso Scale Discovery multiplex platforms, as well as single enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Ten bacterial spe...

The clinical sensitivity of nucleic acid amplification tests may be determined by analytical sensitivity and inhibitors in patient samples. We established endpoints for detection of propagated Chlamydia trachomatis L2 434, diluted according to swab and urine protocols for APTIMA Combo 2 (AC2), ProbeTec ET (PT), and Amplicor (AMP) assays. AC2 was 1,000-fold more sensitive than PT and 10-fold mor...

Trichomonas vaginalis infection is estimated to be the most widely prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection in the world. Wet-mount microscopy is the most common diagnostic method, although it is less sensitive than culture. The OSOM Trichomonas Rapid Test (Genzyme Diagnostics, Cambridge, Mass.) (referred to here as OSOM) is a new point-of-care diagnostic assay for T. vaginalis that us...