proteases play a key role in protein digestion in ticks and other haematophagous insects. our understanding of blood meal digestion in digestive system of ticks can be very useful for better understanding of basic rules for control of ticks. cells of the midgut endocytose blood components. blood proteins uptake by midgut cells, suggesting the presence of proteases in the midgut cells. in this s...

b a ckground: diagnostic study of vector ticks for different pathogens transmitted specifically have been done by iranian old scientists working on the basis of biological transmission of pathogens. in this study we decided to con- firm natural infection of different collected ticks from three different provinces of iran. m e t hods: ticks were collected from livestock (sheep, goats and cattle)...

The use of multiple low cost robotic mine hunters to provide rapid and complete area coverage is a promising new approach to the counter mine problem. Fetch 2 , in development, is a system of four robotic mine hunters that will be capable of cooperatively clearing a field under the supervision of a single operator. The robots feature advanced computational and mechanical components, yet are des...

In the last forty years, land mines have become one of the most serious threats to civilian populations in several parts of the world. To address this problem, humanitarian de-mining activities are being undertaken in many of the affected Countries. The de-mining process has, however, been fought with a number of difficulties since land mines and unexploded ordnance (UXO) are very difficult to ...

marek’s disease (md) is a lymphoproliferative disease of chickens characterized by lymphocyticinfiltration of various organs. the present study was an attempt to use polymerase chain reaction (pcr) tooptimize a rapid and reliable assay for detection of mdv genome. detection of serotype 1 of mdv (mdv-1)was confirmed by presence of a 200 bp dna fragment as a pcr product. differentiation of mdv-1 ...

the opportunistic pathogen c.albicans is able to cause disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients. microbiological methods for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis have many problems including low sensitivity, requirement to invasive clinical sampling such as biopsies or multiple blood cultures and need to expertise laboratory stuff. since pcr has proven to be a powerful tool in the...

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