This paper tests the hypothesis that prime matter of classical Aristotelian-Scholastic metaphysics is numerically identical to energy. Is P = E? After outlining Aristotelian concept matter, I provide master argument for it, based on phenomenon substantial change. then outline what we know about energy as a scientific concept, including its role and application in some key fields. Next, consider...

The concept of organic farming is summarised and compared as an example to farming with biotechnology-derived crops. If done within an ecological concept, both methods can be seen as environmentally acceptable. Organic farming does not offer consistent arguments for the rejection of transgenic crops. Some arguments (from genomics to biodiversity) are discussed in order to demonstrate that the c...

in this paper the most important arguments of muslim philosophers in supporting the createdness of the human soul are examined. we will criticize five arguments by some new objections and show that none of them is reliable and unquestionable. then we go through the most important views of exegetes on the nature of the world of pre-existence (the world of zarr) and criticize them. two of these v...

Legitimacy is always considered an important concept among basic topics of political science; since it has been already posed as the prerequisite of acceptability for exercising of power in the societies through history. Accordingly, all of the political philosophies made efforts to establish an intellectual apparatus that enforces the fundamentals of governance, dealt to some extent with the i...