This paper presents a method of indexing cases for case-based evaluation assistant systems of novice programs. Program lists in evaluation cases should be represented in intact target programming language, because special forms of program lists put heavy burdens on teachers who are users of the systems. However, intact forms of program lists cannot cover that many variations. Therefore, indexes...

Telemedicine is the use of telecommunication and information technologies in order to provide clinical health care at a distance. These technologies allow communications between patient and medical staff with convenience as well as the transmission of medical, imaging and health informatics data from one site to another. It is also used to save lives in critical care and emergency situations. A...

In recent years, collaborative filtering (CF) methods are important and widely accepted techniques are available for recommender systems. One of these techniques is user based that produces useful recommendations based on the similarity by the ratings of likeminded users. However, these systems suffer from several inherent shortcomings such as data sparsity and cold start problems. With the dev...

Light scattering by brain tissue and phototoxicity are major obstacles to the use of high-resolution optical imaging and photo-activation ('uncaging') of bioactive compounds from inactive ('caged') precursors in intact and semi-intact nervous systems. Optical methods based on 2-photon excitation promise to reduce these obstacles (Denk, 1994; Denk et al., 1990, 1994). Here we show a range of ima...

The field of atomistic simulations polymers is in a mature stage, yet accurate predictions their specific heat are very rare. main difficulty stems from the quantum-mechanical nature intramolecular vibrations. They call for either full, tedious treatments, or, proper corrections classical simulations. Here, authors adopt an existing method, which defines harmonic reference, to estimate differen...