Ureteral duplication is a common congenital anomaly of the urinary system observed in 0.8% of autopsy series [1]. However, bifid ureter with a blind branch is a rare condition. It is three times more prevalent in women than men and is observed twice as often on the right side as on the left side [2]. It does not generally give any clinical symptoms. However, in the literature, symptomatic cases...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of retroperitoneoscopy for treating stones in the renal pelvis and proximal ureter. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the period from August 2003 to August 2004, 35 retroperitoneoscopies for treatment of urinary stones were performed on 34 patients. Fifteen patients (42%) had stones in the renal pelvis, and in 2 cases, there were associated stones in the upper caliceal...

Studies of recurrent stone formers indicated that they have significantly increased urinary oxalate and decreased ascorbate excretions. Results of oral and intravenous administration of ascorbate indicate an enhanced production of oxalate from ascorbate in recurrent calcium stone formers as compared with normal persons and that most of this oxalate is generated in the gut.

Often when calcite is found as a component of urinary calculi, they are considered false calculi or artifacts. We present a case of true calcite urolithiasis. The stone material was removed percutaneously from a severely malnourished anorectic woman and analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (IRS). In addition, calcite urolithiasis was confirmed in several recurrent stone events by IRS. Laxative abu...

Urinary tract infection and urosepsis are the most common complications associated with the procedures urologists employ to manage stone disease. Recommendations regarding antibiotic prophylaxis and utilization of perioperative urine and stone culture prior to shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) or endoscopic intervention have evolved overtime. We sought to provide readers with a comprehensive consensu...

ROBERT WALPOLE, later Earl of Orford, was born in 1676t in East Anglia, where urinary stone was common, and died in 1745 with this condition. The controversy about his death has been described by Jarvis,' who was particularly concerned with the pamphlet war, involving physicians, surgeons, and literary men, which followed it. Viseltear2 has more recently written an account of Walpole's last ill...

Bladder stones are frequently seen in elderly men and account for 5% of all urinary stones. They develop secondary to infravesical obstructions, such as prostatic hyperplasia and neurogenic bladder. A 56-year-old patient with frequent and painful urination, dysuria, and minor complaints of suprapubic pain was referred to our clinic. He was diagnosed with bladder stones by non-contrast abdominop...

Epidemiological data suggest an association between kidney stones and some features of metabolic syndrome such as an overweight condition, arterial hypertension or glucose intolerance. However, mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate insulin resistance, as assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), and urine composition analysis in patients affected by calcium ...

The effect of combining therapy with hydrochlorothiazide, allopurinol and systemic alkalization for urolithiasis with lower urinary pH was examined. A total of 90 patients were followed up for 1 to 3 years, the average follow up period being 18 months. The total stone disappearance rate was 60% (kidney stone), 74% (ureter stone) and 20% (bladder stone). Large amounts of thiazide diuretics, pota...

BACKGROUND Interracial disparities in nephrolithiasis prevalence have been reported, but the interplay between genetics and the environment for urinary stone disease risk factors is poorly understood. To examine how environment may alter genetic predisposition for stone formation, we established the International Chinese Consortium on Nephrolithiasis (ICCON) as a multi-institutional collaborati...