1 1 1 0 20 40 60 Incubation time (min) Incubation time (min) Fig. 1. Metabolism of adenosine (A) and effects of adenosine on (a) total urate synthesis and (b) that de nouo Hepatocytes (3.15 mg dry wt./ml) were suspended in Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer, containing 5 mM-glucose and 2 m d 14C]formate (0.05 Ci/mol), and incubated at 4OoC in the absence (M, 0) or presence (0,O) of 0.1 mwadenos...

Lithium was first discovered as a chemical element in 1817. By the mid-1800s, there was great interest in “urate imbalances”, which were thought to explain a variety of diseases, including mania and depression. Around this time, it was discovered that a solution of lithium carbonate could dissolve stones made of urate. The first recorded use of lithium for the treatment of mania, based in part ...

Tumor lysis syndrome is a life-threatening condition for humans due to the lack of urate oxidase. In this study, several variants of PASylateduricasefrom the Aspergillus flavus species were analyzed computationally to find the appropriate fusions to solve short half-life and stability concerns. The Ab initio method was performed using Rosetta software to structurally characterize the PAS sequen...

Urate oxidase (Uox) catalyses the oxidation of urate to allantoin and is used to reduce toxic urate accumulation during chemotherapy. X-ray structures of Uox with various inhibitors have been determined and yet the detailed catalytic mechanism remains unclear. Neutron crystallography can provide complementary information to that from X-ray studies and allows direct determination of the protonat...

MSU: monosodium urate ULT: urate-lowering therapy INTRODUCTION The natural history of gout includes 4 progressive stages (asymptomatic hyperuricemia, acute arthritic attacks, intercritical gout, and chronic gouty arthritis). Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is characterized by elevated serum urate. Deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in articular and periarticular tissues then instigates ac...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether patterns of high internal tissue stress during gait are associated with patterns of monosodium urate crystal deposition and bone erosion in gout. METHODS We compared patterns of foot von Mises stress predicted computationally during gait in volunteers of normal and high body mass index (BMI) with patterns of urate deposition in gout and asymptomatic hyperuricae...

The modified Simiao decoctions (MSD) have been wildly applied in the treatment of gouty arthritis in China. However, the evidence needs to be evaluated by a systematic review and meta-analysis. After filtering, twenty-four randomised, controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of MSD and anti-inflammation medications and/or urate-lowering therapies in patients with gouty arthritis were incl...

Renal tubular secretion of uric acid has been demonstrated in several mammalian species including the rabbit (1), mongrel and Dalmatian dog (24), and man (7). Although secretion was easily delineated in the Dalmatian coach hound (4-6), special experimental conditions were necessary for its substantiation in other species. Uric acid clearance in excess of simultaneous creatinine clearance, indic...

SUMMARY The structure of microbodies, when present, and the activities of three microbody enzymes (catalase, urate oxidase, and D-amino acid oxidase) were studied in 35 transplantable hepatomas. Microbodies are absent in hepatomas 3683, 7794A, and BRL-4-C-3. The number, size, and often the internal structures of microbodies in the other hepatomas generally reflect the growth rates and, to a cer...

Abstract Introduction Latest guidelines by the European Association of Urology and BAUS recommend all patients presenting with acute renal colic have basic biochemical evaluation including blood calcium, urate, white cell count, CRP, sodium, potassium, creatinine. Patients hypercalcaemia or hyperuricaemia are particularly at risk developing further stones, however compliance AE urology departme...