IEEE 802.11v and 802.11aa are two recent amendments that define new functionalities in order to support a reliable multicast transport over wireless networks. The first amendment introduces directed multicast service (DMS). On the other hand, 802.11aa defines the groupcast with retries (GCR) service, which proposes two retransmission policies: block acknowledgement (GCR-BACK) and unsolicited re...

We present a domain theoretic characterisation of the weak instance approach to the universal relation (UR) model. This characterisation gives us a better understanding of the semantics of the UR model. In particular, we show that the representative instance is the least upper bound of a transformation function on the database, which is analogous to the well-known chase procedure. In addition, ...

It is shown by examples that the position uncertainty on a circle, proposed recently by Kowalski and Rembieli´nski [J. Phys. A 35 (2002) 1405] is not consistent with the state localization. We argue that the relevant uncertainties and uncertainty relations (UR's) on a circle are that based on the Gram-Robertson matrix. Several of these generalized UR's are displayed and related criterions for s...

Urate-lowering therapy is indispensable for the treatment of gout, but available drugs do not control serum urate levels tightly enough. Although the uricosurics benzbromarone and probenecid inhibit a urate reabsorption transporter known as renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and thus lower serum urate levels, they also inhibit other transporters responsible for secretion of urate into urine, whi...

BACKGROUND The agreement on agriculture and the World Trade Organization were major outcomes of the 1986-1994 Uruguay Round (UR) negotiations within the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The measures under the UR were predicted to increase poverty in developing countries, a serious cause for concern since poverty alleviation is a major goal of developing countries. Thus this paper ...

BACKGROUND An accurate prediction of unplanned readmission (UR) after discharge from hospital can facilitate physician's decision making processes for providing better quality of care in geriatric patients. The objective of this study was to explore the association of cardiac autonomic functions as measured by frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV) and 14-day UR in geriatric patients. ...

BACKGROUND There is growing concern that interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) are being used off-label for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) disease in many high-burden settings, including India, where the background prevalence of latent TB infection is high. We analyzed the costs and consequences of using IGRAs for the diagnosis of active TB in India from the perspective of the Indian T...