Deletion analysis of the 5' flank of the Chinese hamster dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) gene reveals a promoter region starting 48 base pairs upstream of the major transcriptional start site. A dhfr minigene containing approximately 900 base pairs of 5' flank and one small intron was used as a wild-type standard. Seven deletions were created with BAL-31. Promoter activity was measured in three ...

We consider several antecedent prediction models that use no pipelined features generated by upstream systems. Models trained in this way are interesting because they allow for side-stepping the intricacies of upstream models, and because we might expect them to generalize better to situations in which upstream features are unavailable or unreliable. Through quantitative and qualitative error a...

In this study we mapped the transcriptional initiation site of the gene for seminalplasmin (SAP) by primer extension analysis, situated 125 nucleotides upstream of the translational initiation site of the SAP-specific mRNA. We showed that the TATA-box in position -30 of the SAP gene is part of a functional promoter. A 280 bp region of the 5'-flanking region exerted a strong positive effect on p...

In vivo analysis of expression of the chloroplast rDNA cluster during somatic embryogenesis of Daucus carota (D.carota) was performed by Northern-blot analysis with different DNA probes, spanning both the 16S rRNA gene, the 16S-23S rRNA spacer, which contains the two mosaic tRNA genes tRNA(Ile) and tRNA(Ala), and the region upstream of the 16S rRNA gene, where a tRNA(Val) maps. We show that exp...

In this investigation our objective is 1) to compare the similitude between an unsteady, two-dimensional (axisymmetric), partially premixed  ame and an analogous steady, partially premixed  amelet to determine if state relationshipsin terms ofamodiŽ ed conserved scalar applyand2) to investigate amestructure interactionsbetween the various reaction zones contained in partially premixed  ames...

A numerical simulation study to quantify the effect of upstream transport and fossil-fuel and biomass-burning emissions from East Asia on the surface ozone near Taiwan has been performed based on data taken April 8e13, 2001, when a cold air outbreak occurred. The TAQM (Taiwan Air Quality Model) is employed in this study. Results show that, without considering emissions in East Asia, upstream tr...

The DNA region upstream of katG in Mycobacterium smegmatis was cloned and sequenced. The furA gene, highly homologous to Mycobacterium tuberculosis furA, mapped in this region. The furA-katG organization appears to be conserved among several mycobacteria. The transcription pattern of furA and katG in M. smegmatis upon oxidative stress was analyzed by Northern blotting and primer extension. Alth...

Defects of the ankyrin-1 gene are the most common cause in humans of hereditary spherocytosis, an inherited anemia that affects patients of all ethnic groups. In some kindreds, linked -108/-153 nucleotide substitutions have been found in the upstream region of the ankyrin gene promoter that is active in erythroid cells. In vivo, the ankyrin erythroid promoter and its upstream region direct posi...