Feigenbaum discovered a pattern in the period doubling route to chaos for nonlinear systems whose first return map is unimodal with a quadratic extremum. This led to the definition of the Feigenbaum universal constant δ. This constant could then be used to predict the parameter value for which such nonlinear systems turn chaotic, that is, the parameter value (P∞) for which the period tends to i...

The present Millennium Development Goals are set to expire in 2015 and their next iteration is now being discussed within the international community. With regards to health, the World Health Organization proposes universal health coverage as a 'single overarching health goal' for the next iteration of the Millennium Development Goals.The present Millennium Development Goals have been criticise...

This paper proposes an extension of Chaitin’s halting probability Ω to a measurement operator in an infinite dimensional quantum system. Chaitin’s Ω is defined as the probability that the universal self-delimiting Turing machine U halts, and plays a central role in the development of algorithmic information theory. In the theory, there are two equivalent ways to define the program-size complexi...

Copyright © 2000, Idea Group Publishing. This paper presents the Access Rainbow, a seven-layer conceptual model of access to the information/communications infrastructure intended to strengthen public interest perspectives in current ‘information highway’ policy discussions. In particular, it aims to provide the basis for a workable definition of ‘universal access’ and point to concrete steps f...

We show that in quantum computation almost every gate that operates on two or more bits is a universal gate. We discuss various physical considerations bearing on the proper definition of universality for computational components such as logic gates. To be published in Proc.R.Soc.London A, June 1995.

I. Outline 1 II. Glossary 2 III. Definition of the subject and its importance 2 IV. Introduction 2 V. Cellular Automata 3 A. Reversible Cellular Automata 4 VI. Early proposals 4 VII. Definition 6 VIII. Models of QCA 6 A. Reversible QCA 6 B. Local unitary QCA 7 C. Block-partitioned and nonunitary QCA 7 D. Continuous-time QCA 8 E. Examples of QCA 8 IX. Computationally universal QCA 9 X. Modeling ...

Introduction. There are problems with the existing definition of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in that desire for sex and sexual fantasy are not a universal experience. Aims. To explore: (i) women’s motivations to engage in sexual activity; (ii) frequency and predictors of sexual fantasies; (iii) sexual arousal; (iv) recognition of sexual arousal; and (v) association between relation...