A 45-year-old woman presented with subacute encephalopathy due to autoimmune Graves disease. MR angiography (MRA) demonstrated stenosis of the major intracerebral arteries. After high-dose methylprednisolone therapy and plasmapheresis, her neurologic status improved dramatically, and the MRA findings resolved after 3 months. The angiographic findings in Graves disease that resemble those in Moy...

INTRODUCTION We present a rare case of chylothorax associated with an intrathoracic goiter in Graves' disease that was treated with radioactive iodine. CASE REPORT A 23-year-old woman with Graves' disease was referred to our clinic with a pleural effusion, dyspnea, characteristic bilateral proptosis, and a diffuse goiter. The pleural fluid biochemistry was consistent with chylothorax. However...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and Graves' disease are autoimmune diseases, and a number of genetic factors, including HLA and CTLA-4 genes, have been reported to contribute to their etiology. The gene responsible for autoimmune polyendocrinopathy- candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) has been cloned and named the autoimmune regulator-1 (AIRE-1) gene. AIRE-1 protein is thought to be a trans...

The association between vitamin D levels and Graves' disease is not well studied. This update review aims to further analyze the relationship in order to provide an actual view of estimating the risk. We searched for the publications on vitamin D and Graves' disease in English or Chinese on PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medical and Wanfang databases. T...

Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy has been used as a treatment option for Graves' disease, and it has been widely accepted to be safe. On the other hand, some evidence suggests that RAI therapy is possibly associated with a small increased risk of thyroid cancer. Herein, we report a rare case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) associated with Graves' disease, following RAI treatment. A 42-yea...

Introduction: Hyperthyroidism is a relatively common disorder caused by different etiologies. Graves’ disease, and toxic-nodular goiter (Plummer’s disease) are among the most common causes. Treatment with radioiodine is considered to be the treatment of choice in many of the patients. Higher biological half-life of ¹³¹I in hyperthyroid patients as compared with patients with differentiate...

The use of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is an integral part of contemporary diagnostics of Graves‘ orbitopathy. The aim of this study was to assess proptosis measurement by MDCT and to compare it to the current standard, Hertel exophthalmometry. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Clinical Centre of Serbia and included 91 patients (19 male and 72 female) with verified Grave...

introduction: recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone(rhtsh) increases radioactive iodine uptake(raiu) in selected populations, while lithium is used as an adjunct to radioactive iodine (rai) therapy in graves’ disease with low raiu. in this report, both drugs used in combination, overcame low iodine-131 uptake in a graves’ patient. clinical case: a 39-year old female with graves’ disease...

IMPORTANCE Graves disease is the most common cause of persistent hyperthyroidism in adults. Approximately 3% of women and 0.5% of men will develop Graves disease during their lifetime. OBSERVATIONS We searched PubMed and the Cochrane database for English-language studies published from June 2000 through October 5, 2015. Thirteen randomized clinical trials, 5 systematic reviews and meta-analys...

Previous studies have suggested that there is an overproduction of triiodothyronine (T(3)) relative to thyroxine (T(4)) in patients with thyrotoxicosis associated with Graves' disease. To evaluate whether or not an increased ratio of T(3) to T(4) in thyroidal secretion could be contributing to this relative T(3) hyperproduction, T(3), T(4), and iodine were measured in thyroglobulin (Tg) from co...