The recent development of magnetic resonance (MR) axonography, which uses three-dimensional anisotropy contrast (3DAC), a new algorithm for the treatment of an apparent diffusion tensor, has provided an unprecedented opportunity for visualizing the anatomical details of the spinal cord in live animals. In this study, the authors investigated the sensitivity of the 3DAC method in detecting patho...

A Father/Dad/Husband story of a 13 year Eating Disorder (AN) experience, pre-diagnosis, post diagnosis/pre/ post major relapse, into recovery. A father’s story of what is it like to experience a 13 year old caring, loving, bubbly, confident, talented, high/achieving & intelligent girl starting her teenage years transform into a 16 year old, struggling with feelings & thoughts, becoming a teenag...

BACKGROUND Evidence relating to the potentially protective effect of smoking and alcohol consumption in relation to senescent cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease is inconclusive. METHODS The relationship between wine and tobacco consumption and cognitive change was assessed within a longitudinal study of normal elderly people showing recent instability in cognitive functioning using an ...

During a 20-year longitudinal study of cognitive change in old age 2,342 of 5,842 participants died and 3,204 dropped out. To study cognitive change as death approaches, we grouped participants by survival, death, dropout, or dropout followed by death. Linear mixed-effects pattern-mixture models compared rates of cognitive change before death and dropout from four quadrennial administrations of...

In 2001 Brett and Baxendale reviewed cognitive change in pregnancy and concluded that although “...much has been written in an impressionistic way....at the beginning of the twenty first century considerable gaps in our knowledge remain” (pp. 339). Ten years later a clear picture describing cognitive change in women has still failed to emerge. Recent work investigating pregnancy-induced cogniti...

The Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging (VETSA) is a longitudinal behavioral genetic study with a primary focus on cognitive and brain aging in men. It comprises a subset of over 1,200 twins from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. Like many other studies of aging, the VETSA includes many different phenotypes, but there are some key features that distinguish it from most other behavioral genetic aging s...

A close relative of each of 42 severely head injured patients was interviewed at 5 years after injury, following initial study at 3, 6, and 12 months. Persisting severe deficits, in some cases worse than at 1 year, were primarily psychological and behavioural, although minor physical deficits, for example in vision, were also common. Relatives were under great strain; significantly more so than...

OBJECT Patients with gliomas frequently have cognitive deficits, and surgery can exacerbate these deficits. Preoperative assessment is therefore crucial in patients undergoing surgery for glioma in eloquent areas, because the proximity of functional areas increases the risk of permanent postoperative cognitive disturbances. Although pre- and postoperative language and motor function in patients...

Although older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) show elevated rates of conversion to dementia as a group, heterogeneity of outcomes is common at the individual level. Using data from a prospective 5-year longitudinal investigation of cognitive change in healthy older adults (N = 262, aged 64-92 years), this study addressed limitations in contemporary MCI identification procedures whi...

OBJECTIVE The current study examines the role of social contact intensity, cognitive activity, and depressive symptoms as within- and between-person mediators for the relationships between physical activity and cognitive functioning. METHOD All three types of mediators were considered simultaneously using multilevel structural equations modeling with longitudinal data. The sample consisted of...