The interaction of high-frequency ultrasound waves with the skin provides the basis for noninvasive, fast, and accessible diagnostic imaging. This tool is increasingly used in skin cancer and inflammatory conditions as well as in cosmetic dermatology. This article reviews the basic principles of skin ultrasound and its applications in the different areas of dermatology.

Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is one of the most prominent procedures for achieving ultra-fine grain (UFG) structures among the various severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques. In this study, the effect of ultrasonic vibration on deformation behavior of commercial pure aluminum in the ECAP process is analyzed successfully using three dimensional (3D) by finite element methods (FEMs)...

A very short introduction of the principles of light diffraction by ultrasonic waves is followed by a discussion of acousto-optic imaging (schlieren) techniques. This method is often useful to obtain qualitative results of various acoustic phenomena in ultrasonics, underwater sound, material characterization, transducer performance and other areas of acoustics. Examples from different fields of...

The ultrasound radiation force has been used for noncontact excitation of devices ranging from microcantilevers to acoustic guitars. For ultrasound radiation force excitation, one challenge is formation of standing waves between the ultrasound transducer and the device under test. Standing waves result in constructive/destructive interference causing significant variations in the intensity of t...

This paper describes a simple and inexpensive technique for the imaging (detection) of concealed object. Burg method is used as a high resolution technique to model the holographic imaging (detecting) problem. Ultrasonic waves are used for imaging a concealed object. The in-line holography is employed. The results demonstrate the enhanced performance capability of the combination of Burg and ho...

Multi-wire ropes are widely used as load-carrying constructional elements in bridges, cranes, elevators, etc. Structural integrity of such ropes can be inspected by using non-destructive ultrasonic techniques. The objective of this work was to investigate propagation of ultrasonic guided waves (UGW) along composite multi-wire ropes in the cases of various types of acoustic contacts between neig...

There is a growing interest in transdermal delivery systems because of their noninvasive, targeted, and on-demand delivery of gene and drugs. However, efficient penetration of therapeutic compounds into the skin is still challenging largely due to the impermeability of the outermost layer of the skin, known as stratum corneum. Recently, there have been major research activities to enhance the s...

Microbubbles, either in the form of free gas bubbles surrounded by a fluid or encapsulated bubbles used currently as contrast agents for medical echography, exhibit complex dynamics under specific acoustic excitations. Nonetheless, considering their micron size and the complexity of their interaction phenomenon with ultrasound waves, expensive and complex experiments and/or simulations are requ...

Abstract The bonding quality of composite plate material is detected by ultrasonic waves. Taking ultrasonic detection signal as the research object, the theory of detection method pulse reflection echo method is comprehensively analyzed. Surveying the information carried by the echo signal of detection ultrasonic waves, the signal energy, signal duration and the product of singular wave peak va...

96 patients suffering from degenerative joint disease were treated with ultrasonic waves within a period covering december 1971 to april 1974. out of the to ta l number of 96 patients under treatment, 52 (54%) achieved a satisfacto ry rate while 3? patients (33%) enjoyed a lower rate of recovery and the remaining 12 patients (13%) had negative or unknown response. the methods ofaction and proce...