BACKGROUND Salt stress has become a major threat to plant growth and productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonize plant root systems and modulate plant growth in various ways. SCOPE This review addresses the significance of arbuscular mycorrhiza in alleviation of salt stress and their beneficial effects on plant growth and productivity. It also focuses on recent progress in unravelling...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess whether the presence of procaine in crystalloid cardioplegic solution increases myocardial protection at the ultra structural level. METHODS Eighteen patients that underwent aortic valve replacement in the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre over a 10-month period were studied. They were randomly allocated into two groups: group A--eight patients...

Carbon coatings of thickness down to 2 nm are needed to increase the storage density in magnetic hard disks and reach the 100-Gbitsyinch target. We show that the combination of surface Brillouin scattering, X-ray reflectivity and Raman spectroscopy 2 measurements allow us to measure the mechanical and structural properties of ultra-thin tetrahedral amorphous carbon films. Densities up to 2.8 gy...

Introduction One of the greatest challenges in modern structural biology is to understand how a newly formed polypeptide sequence finds its correct and unique fold. Real progress has been made towards establishing a fundamental and universal mechanism by which protein folding takes place, and such advances have come from the combination of experimental and theoretical techniques. In our laborat...

Understanding the biological roles and mechanisms of lipids and glycolipids is challenging due to the vast number of possible isomers that may exist. Mass spectrometry (MS) measurements are currently the dominant approach for studying and providing detailed information on lipid and glycolipid presence and changes. However, difficulties in distinguishing the many structural isomers, due to the d...

AIMS To study the ultra structural changes in bladder musculature in cases of BPE and their clinical relevance. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this descriptive longitudinal, controlled, observational study patients were enrolled into three groups, group 1, group 2A and group 2B. Control group (group-1) consisted of age matched normal male patients, who underwent surveillance or diagnostic cystoscopy...

An overview of the propagation characteristics of ultrawideband (UWB) indoor radio channels is presented with an emphasis on the spatio-temporal channel properties. Extensive measurement results are provided and practical considerations are highlighted. The insight into robust UWB communications and sensor networks, provided by channel modeling, is discussed.