Society is ageing and sadly that ageing leads to a host of issues, not least a society in which the majority are likely to have some loss of strength and dexterity. This can lead to complications in undertaking everyday tasks such as using transport, bathing or even handling and opening food. Packaging has to provide a multitude of services; to protect and preserve the product, to provide infor...

The assembly of bacteriophage PRD1 proceeds via formation of empty procapsids containing an internal lipid membrane, into which the linear double-stranded DNA genome is subsequently packaged. The packaging ATPase P9 and other putative packaging proteins have been shown to be located at a unique vertex of the PRD1 capsid. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a suppressor-sensi...

it is possible to develop new biodegradable active packaging by coating biopolymers on paper-based packaging material and also incorporating proper antimicrobial agents into coating structure. in this study bacterial contamination of two commercial cardboard were evaluated.in order to manufacture an appropriate antibacterial packaging material, coating of chitosan-poly vinyl alcohol blends with...

using titanium dioxide nano-silver packaging, which is antibacterial and resistance to the diffusion of gases such as oxygen, is increasing in food industry. therefore, we compared the effect of titanium dioxide-based nano-silver packaging and conventional polyethylene packaging on the fungal flora of consuming bread in order to increase the shelf-life storage of consuming bread. one hundred fo...

  This study was aimed to investigate effects of aqueous citric acid (CA) and ascorbic acid (AA) on lipid oxidation in comparison with effect of vacuum packaging in order to find better treatment to delay improper changes in the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) fillets during frozen storage due to lipid oxidation. In this study traditional packaging, vacuum packaging, ascorbic acid solutio...

A 120-base pRNA encoded by bacteriophage b29 has a novel and essential role in genomic DNA packaging. Six DNA-packaging RNAs (pRNAs) were bound to the sixfold symmetrical portal vertex of procapsids during the DNA translocation process and left the procapsid after the DNA-packaging reaction was completed, suggesting that the pRNA participated in the translocation of genomic DNA into procapsids....

Cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G (A3G) has broad antiviral activity against diverse retroviruses and/or retrotransposons, and its antiviral functions are believed to rely on its encapsidation into virions in an RNA-dependent fashion. However, the cofactors of A3G virion packaging have not yet been identified. We demonstrate here that A3G selectively interacts with certain polymerase III (Pol III)-de...

The herpes simplex virus UL15 and UL28 genes are believed to encode two subunits of the terminase involved in cleavage and packaging of viral genomes. Analysis of the UL15 protein sequence and its herpesvirus homologues revealed the presence of 20 conserved regions. Twelve of the twenty regions conserved among herpesviruses are also conserved in terminases from DNA bacteriophage. Point mutation...