Stable isotope studies on stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in water within plants provide new information on water sources and water use patterns under natural conditions. In this study, the sources of water uptake for two typical xerophytic shrubs, Caragana korshinskii and Artemisia ordosica, were determined at four different-aged revegetated sites (1956, 1964, 1981, and 1987) in t...

The integration of remotely sensed data intomodels of evapotranspiration (ET) facilitates the estimation of water consumption across agricultural regions. To estimate regional ET, two basic types of remote sensing approaches have been successfully applied. The first approach computes a surface energy balance using the radiometric surface temperature for estimating the sensible heat flux (H), an...

Automated electronic soil moisture sensors, such as time domain reflectometry (TDR) and capacitance probes are being used extensively to monitor and measure soil moisture in a variety of scientific and land management applications. These sensors are often used for a wide range of soil moisture applications such as drought forage prediction or validation of large-scale remote sensing instruments...

Many hydrological studies of forested ecosystems focus on the study of the forest canopy and have partitioned gross precipitation into throughfall and stemflow. However, the presence of forest litter can alter the quantities of water available for soil infiltration and runoff. Little information exists regarding the value of storage and drainage parameters for litter layers. Vegetation paramete...

A simple modeling and laboratory investigation was carried out to investigate the raindrop effects on both sediment detachment and chemical transport from soil–water into runoff. Solute movement between soil–water and runoff is usually modeled as either a mixing model or as a diffusion-like process, both of which ignore the important roles of raindrop impact on the transport process. We hypothe...

Nitrate-N (NO3−) effluents from agricultural ecosystems contributing to the degradation of water quality has become a serious environmental problem. A field experiment was conducted in 1996 and 1997 at St. Emmanuel, Que., Canada, to investigate the combined effects of water table management (WTM) and N fertilization on soil NO3− level and denitrification rates in the top soil layer (0–0.15 m). ...

infiltration is a complex process that changed by initial moisture and water head on the soil surface. the main objective of this study was to estimate the coefficients of infiltration equations, kostiakov-lewis, philip and horton, and evaluate the sensitivity of these equations and their coefficients under various initial conditions (initial moisture soil) and boundary (water head on soil surf...

in this research using gis effect of land management and soil criteria with eight indicators to study the sensitivity to the desert lands of the region of sistan jazinak creation is evaluated. vote based on the model parameters wilderness - the latest creation esas evaluation method wilderness creation and in most european countries and the middle east is used, took place. using the above metho...