We examine a linear programming problem formulation in which the constraint coefficients are not precisely given in the work. We investigate the possibility of applying GAs to solve this kind of fuzzy linear programming problem without defining membership functions for fuzzy numbers, using the extension principle, interval arithmetic, and α-cut operations for fuzzy computations, and using a pen...

This paper presents the theory and design of interval type-2 fuzzy logic systems (FLSs) because of computational complexity of using general type-2 fuzzy set (T2FS) in type-2 fuzzy system. We propose an efficient and simplified method to compute the input and antecedent operations for interval type-2 FLSs; one that is based on a general inference formula for them. We introduce the concept of up...

Analyses of neural mechanisms of duration processing are essential for the understanding of psychological phenomena which evolve in time. Different mechanisms are presumably responsible for the processing of shorter (below 500 ms) and longer (above 500 ms) events but have not yet been a subject of an investigation with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In the present study, we show ...

Thirtytwo subjects,16 men and 16 women, participated in an experiment to compare two commonly used rating scales for perception of exertion, viz. the Borg RPE scale and the Borg CR10 scale (see, e.g., Borg, 1998). One group of 8 men and 8 women used each scale. Workloads were increased every minute, with 15 W for men, and with 10 W for women, to a voluntary maximum. With a basic perceptual nois...

Combining signals across the senses improves precision and speed of perception, although this multisensory benefit declines for asynchronous signals. Multisensory events may produce synchronized stimuli at source but asynchronies inevitably arise due to distance, intensity, attention and neural latencies. Temporal recalibration is an adaptive phenomenon that serves to perceptually realign physi...