Handling stress is a well-recognised source of variation in animal studies that can also compromise the welfare of research animals. To reduce background variation and maximise welfare, methods that minimise handling stress should be developed and used wherever possible. Recent evidence has shown that handling mice by a familiar tunnel that is present in their home cage can minimise anxiety com...

In this paper, a pollution regulation game model under multiple principal-agent among government, pollutant treatment enterprise and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is developed to study the pollution regulation mechanism under centralized treatment mode. The optimal regulation mechanism is obtained through theoretic and numeric analysis. It is found that with the supervision costs on pollu...

Pollution levels and the effect of air pollution on human health can be modified by synoptic weather type and aeroallergens. We investigated the effect modification of aeroallergens on the association between CO, O3, NO2, SO2, PM10 and PM2.5 and asthma hospitalisation rates in seven synoptic weather types using single air pollutant models, adjusted for the effect of aeroallergens and stratified...

This paper focuses on the transient analysis of nonlinear dispersion of a pollutant ejected by an external source into a laminar flow of an incompressible fluid in a channel. The influence of density variation with pollutant concentration is approximated according to the Boussinesq approximation, and the nonlinear governing equations of momentum and pollutant concentration are obtained. The pro...

Surface-Piercing Propellers (SPPs) have been widely used in high speed craft due to some desirable features such as high efficiency, omission of resistance of equipment attached to the propeller and proper functioning of cavitation. Unlike the submerged propellers, theoretical methods have no significant application on simulation of SPPsbecause of problems related to modeling of these propeller...

Steady-state RANS Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations of pollutant dispersion in the neutrally stable atmospheric boundary layer are made with the commercial code Fluent 6.1 for three case studies: plume dispersion from an isolated stack, low-momentum exhaust from a rooftop vent on an isolated cubic building model and high-momentum exhaust from a rooftop stack on a low-rise rectangular bui...

This study aimed to develop optimum information systems to improve physical function after carpal tunnel release. The t-test was done to compare the differences of physical function after carpal tunnel surgery before and after information system application. As a result, for carpal tunnel syndrome, the carpal status in subjects who have suffered from paresthesia decreased after the system appli...

This paper provides an Analog Behavioral Model (ABM) in PSpice of a tunnel diode The PSpice parameters are implemented as separate parameterized blocks constructed from SPICE (ABM) controlled sources and extracted through experiment. A tunnel diode based oscillator is also proposed and simulated using circuit analysis software. The behavior of the tunnel diode is simulated and compared to the m...

Ulnar neuropathy at or distal to the wrist, the so-called ulnar tunnel syndrome, is an uncommon but well-described condition. However, diagnosis of ulnar tunnel syndrome can be difficult. Paresthesias may be nonspecific or related to coexisting pathologies, such as carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, thoracic outlet syndrome, C8-T1 radiculopathy, or peripheral neuropathy, which mak...

BACKGROUND Although controversial, recent studies have demonstrated advantages of sonographic techniques in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of median nerve ultrasonography in the diagnosis of CTS in Iranian patients. METHODS Ninety patents with clinically suspected CTS were studied. Based on gold standard electromyography/nerv...