Genetic variations affecting neural tube closure along the head result in malformations of the face and brain. Neural tube defects (NTDs) are among the most common birth defects in humans. We previously reported a mouse mutant called tuft that arose spontaneously in our wild-type 3H1 colony. Adult tuft mice present midline craniofacial malformations with or without an anterior cephalocele. In a...

The precise delivery of male to female gametes during reproduction in eukaryotes requires complex signal exchanges and a flawless communication between male and female tissues. In angiosperms, molecular mechanisms have recently been revealed that are crucial for the dialog between male (pollen tube) and female gametophytes required for successful sperm delivery. When pollen tubes reach the fema...

Tube and Pelle are essential components in Drosophila Toll signaling pathway. In this study, we characterized a pair of crustacean homologs of Tube and Pelle in Scylla paramamosain, namely, SpTube and SpPelle, and analyzed their immune functions. The full-length cDNA of SpTube had 2052 bp with a 1578 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein with 525 aa. A death domain (DD) and a kinase do...

The failure analysis of reheater tubes were analyzed by means alloy composition analysis, metallographic structure mechanical properties and oxide analysis. results showed: meets the requirements 12Cr1MoV standard. No abnormality was observed in structure. Mechanical qualified. Oxide components are mainly O Fe. Comprehensive shows that main reason tube is oxygen corrosion, which caused thinning...

Eddy current testing (ECT) is a conventional inspection method of heat exchanger tubes. Many types of probes have been developed depending on such tube conditions as tube shapes and materials. However, the vicinity of a tube expansion is still a difficult area to inspect. This is because there is a step-shape variation circumferentially on the inside surface and there is a ferromagnetic tube sh...

A typical solar domestic water heating system suffers from low energy efficiency due to multiple heat transfer process among components, i.e., the thermal collector and storage. In this work, a compact design of storage-integrated its compatible phase change material (PCM) storage were explored. The salt hydrate based composite PCM, sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT), was used create shape stabili...

O yen the past ten years, the spectrum of diagnostic techniques available to the pulmonary physician has expanded greatly. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy, transbronchial needle aspiration, and newly developed laser applications exemplify one aspect of the explosion. Percutaneous needle biopsy and thoracoscopy are examples of the wider scope of invasive techniques now employe...

We investigate the influence of geometrical confinement on the breakup of long fluid threads in the absence of imposed flow using a lattice Boltzmann model. Our simulations primarily focus on the case of threads centered coaxially in a tube filled with another Newtonian fluid and subjected to both impulsive and random perturbations. We observe a significant slowing down of the rate of thread br...

OBJECTIVE Over the past 20 years, jet ventilation techniques have been developed to enable safe and controlled microlaryngoscopy and the accurate treatment of laryngeal pathology. This study examined how advances in jet ventilation tube design have facilitated safe endolaryngeal surgery. STUDY DESIGN The study documented the development and use of the Jockjet subglottic jet ventilation tube s...

Membrane nanotubes are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells due to their involvement in the communication between many different membrane compartments. They are very dynamical structures, which are generally extended along the microtubule network. One possible mechanism of tube formation involves the action of molecular motors, which can generate the necessary force to pull the tubes along the cytosk...