Chemical investigation of the marine sponge Plakortis cfr. lita afforded a library of endoperoxyketal polyketides, manadoperoxides B-K (3-5 and 7-13) and peroxyplakoric esters B(3) (6) and C (14). Eight of these metabolites are new compounds and some contain an unprecedented chlorine-bearing THF-type ring in the side chain. The library of endoperoxide derivatives was evaluated for in vitro acti...

The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, most important parasitic infection in Latin America. only treatments currently available are nitro-derivative drugs that characterised by high toxicity and limited efficacy. Therefore, there an urgent need for more effective, less toxic therapeutic agents. We have previously identified potential Mannich base deri...

3-Nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based acetamides bearing a biphenyl- or a phenoxyphenyl moiety have shown remarkable antichagasic activity both in vitro and in an acute murine model, as well as substantial in vitro antileishmanial activity but lacked activity against human African trypanosomiasis. We have shown now that by inserting a methylene group in the linkage to obtain the corresponding propana...

Acalypha hispida belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae, it is a tropical shrub and an annual plant commonly known as ‘chenille plant’, ‘Red hot cat tail. It native south pacific, new guinea, malay archipelago other islands in east indies. used ornamental garden house. Traditionally leaves are laxative, diuretic treatment of leprosy gonorrhea. Different part also infectious diarrhoea, pulmonary pr...

In this study we prepared an inclusion complex between an iodide analogue of metronidazole (MTZ-I) and cyclodextrin (CD) to develop a safer and more effective method of treating Trypanosoma cruzi infections. According to our results, MTZ-I and MTZ-I:β-CD were 10 times more active than MTZ, demonstrating that the presence of an iodine atom on the side chain increased the trypanocidal activity wh...

Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) was examined to explore its trypanocidal activity. The compound is easily taken up by trypanosomes via its aquaglyceroporins but is not converted to a glycolytic intermediate due to the lack of a respective kinase. Investigating the DHA-induced cell death it became evident that parasites die by autophagy rather than by necrosis or apoptosis. Since autophagy is not well st...