Preservatives in ophthalmic solutions have long been known to cause toxic effects on the cornea. The most frequently used preservative in eye drops, and one that has among the highest toxicity, is benzalkonium chloride (BAC)[1-3]. This quarternary ammonium has been shown to have a variety of pathological effects, including tear film instability, conjunctival squamous metaplasia, breakdown of co...

The present study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of LXM-10 by intragastric administration in both acute and chronic inflammatory models, and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed that LXM-10 produced significant anti-inflammatory effects on carrageenan induced paw edema and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis, in which LXM-10 inhibited pa...

BACKGROUND A prerequisite for safe cataract surgery is an adequately dilated pupil. The authors conducted a trial to assess the efficacy (in terms of pupil diameter) of a depot method of pre-operative pupil dilatation, as compared with repeated instillations of drops (which is time-consuming for the nursing staff and uncomfortable for the patient). METHODS A prospective randomised masked tria...

As part of a larger study on the interpretation of angiographically derived hemodynamic parameters, blood flow in several ocular tissues was measured using the radioactively labelled microspheres technique. As an unexpected secondary results, it was found that the microspheres data gave quantitative information on hyperaemic effects in the eye. This is the subject of the present paper. The meas...

PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) by assessing the pupillary response to mydriatics. METHODS This observational case series included 134 eyes of 67 premature infants with birth weight less than 2,000 grams and gestational age less than 33 weeks. A composite eye drop composed of phenylephrine 1%, tetracaine and tropicamide 0.5% was applied 3 ...

INTRODUCTION Autonomic dysfunction, including orthostatic hypotension (OH), sialorrhea, sexual dysfunction, urinary dysfunction and constipation is a common feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). Even though its treatment has been recognized as a major unmet need in PD, there is a paucity of clinical trials to assess their treatment. AREAS COVERED Evidence about the efficacy and safety of avail...

Stimulation of the nasal mucosa by airborne irritants or water evokes a pronounced bradycardia accompanied by peripheral vasoconstriction and apnea. The dive response, which includes the trigeminocardiac reflex, is among the most powerful autonomic responses. These responses slow the heart rate and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption. Although normally cardioprotective, exaggeration of this re...

BACKGROUND To correlate retina-choroidal anatomy as assessed via swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) with retinal function as determined by best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG). METHODS Thirty-three eyes from 33 patients including 16 with neovascular AMD (nvAMD) and 17 controls were included. Patients were included in the present study after a complete ophthalmol...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the presence, nature and relationship to age, sex, ethnicity and body mass index (BMI) of adverse reactions following routine cycloplegic eye drops in children. DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING Ophthalmology outpatient clinic Dutch metropolitan hospital; February, March and April 2009. PARTICIPANTS Children aged 3-14-year-old children receiv...

Ocular morbidities are quite common phenomenon in elderly patients due to lack of immunity and associated diseases like Diabetes mellitus, HTN which result into blindness. also influenced by their location, habits medical history. This study is attempted the pattern ocular morbidity understand risk factors responsible for visual impairment. It a hospital based cross sectional where 300 &#62...