نتایج جستجو برای: trna میتوکندریایی
تعداد نتایج: 17500 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The accurate formation of cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNAs (aa-tRNAs) is essential for the fidelity of translation. Most amino acids are esterified onto their cognate tRNA isoacceptors directly by aa-tRNA synthetases. However, in the case of four amino acids (Gln, Asn, Cys and Sec), aminoacyl-tRNAs are made through indirect pathways in many organisms across all three domains of life. The process...
Pathological mutations in tRNA genes and tRNA processing enzymes are numerous and result in very complicated clinical phenotypes. Mitochondrial tRNA (mt-tRNA) genes are "hotspots" for pathological mutations and over 200 mt-tRNA mutations have been linked to various disease states. Often these mutations prevent tRNA aminoacylation. Disrupting this primary function affects protein synthesis and t...
In many organisms, the formation of asparaginyl-tRNA is not done by direct aminoacylation of tRNA(Asn) but by specific tRNA-dependent transamidation of aspartyl-tRNA(Asn). This transamidation pathway involves a nondiscriminating aspartyl-tRNA synthetase (AspRS) that charges both tRNA(Asp) and tRNA(Asn) with aspartic acid. Recently, it has been shown for the first time in an organism (Pseudomona...
Development of anticancer treatments based on microRNA (miRNA/miR) such as miR-34a replacement therapy is limited to the use of synthetic RNAs with artificial modifications. Herein, we present a new approach to a high-yield and large-scale biosynthesis, in Escherichia coli using transfer RNA (tRNA) scaffold, of chimeric miR-34a agent, which may act as a prodrug for anticancer therapy. The recom...
Expression of 5 yeast mitochondrial tRNA genes (Ala, Ile, Tyr, Asn and Metm), localized upstream from the oxil gene has been analyzed by in vitro capping using guanylyltransferase, northern hybridization and S1 nuclease mapping in the wild type and a rho-strain. The 5 tRNA sequences belong to the same transcriptional unit which is initiated 133 bp upstream from the tRNA(Ala) gene at a promoter ...
The origin of RNase P RNA is yet an unsolved problem, although one of us (K.O.) formerly pointed out some sequence similarity between RNase P RNA and virusoids (Ohnishi, 1992). Eigen hypothesized that tRNA is the rst gene from theoretical standpoint. On the other hand, we have postulated polytRNA theory (Ohnishi; Endocytobiology V, 407: 1993; Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 707: 524, 1993; Ohnishi et al.;...
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