Hypoxemia represents a major stress for the fetus, and is associated with alterations and adaptations in cardiovascular, metabolic and endocrine responses, which in turn may affect tissue growth and differentiation. To determine the effects of hypoxemia on fetal adrenal activity and growth, we subjected sheep fetuses at days 126-130 and 134-136 (term 145 days) to reduced PaO2 by reducing the ma...

Disturbances in the relationship of ventilation and perfusion may result in hypoxemia, a deficiency of oxygen in the blood. The four major causes of hypoxemia are hypoventilation, alveolar-capillary diffusion impairment, shunt, and ventilation perfusion mismatch.1 In this article factors which determine ventilation and gas exchange will be identified and abnormalities leading to hypoxemia will ...

To the Editor: We read with great interest the Case Scenario on hypoxemia during one-lung ventilation (OLV) reported by Rozé et al., and we would like to add some comments on pharmacological treatment. First, the title of the section, “Pharmacological treatment to limit hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction,” could, in our opinion, lead to confusion. Almitrine does not limit hypoxic pulmonary vaso...

Manohar, Murli, and Thomas E. Goetz. Intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunts of 15 m in diameter probably do not contribute to arterial hypoxemia in maximally exercising Thoroughbred horses. J Appl Physiol 99: 224–229, 2005. First published March 17, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01230.2004.—The present study examined whether Thoroughbred horses performing strenuous exercise exhibit intrapulmonary...

Although expiratory air flow obstruction is the physiologic sine qua non of chronic obstructive lung disease, tissue hypoxia ultimately accounts for the bulk of systemic physiologic changes. Tissue hypoxia results not only from an inadequate pulmonary gas exchange resulting in decreased oxygenation of arterial blood leaving the lungs (hypoxemia), but also from reductions in hemoglobin concentra...

neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (rds), who are treated according to insure protocol; require arterial blood gas (abg) analysis to decide on appropriate management. we conducted this study to investigate the validity of pulse oximetry instead of frequent abg analysis in the evaluation of these patients. from a total of 193 blood samples obtained from 30 neonates <1500 grams with rds,...

BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Triple H therapy is conventionally used to treat vasospasm following sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) but can sometimes have side effects. In order to investigate pulmonary complications in SAH patients and relationship with age we conducted the following study. METHODS The charts of 121 sub-arachnoid hemorrhage patients who underwent clipping or coiling of an aneury...

Oxygen tension (PO2) was measured with microelectrodes within the retina of anesthetized cats during normoxia and hypoxemia (i.e., systemic hypoxia), and photoreceptor oxygen consumption was determined by fitting PO2 measurements to a model of steady-state oxygen diffusion and consumption. Choroidal PO2 fell linearly during hypoxemia, about 0.64 mmHg/mmHg decrease in arterial PO2 (PaO2). The ch...

Background: This study aimed to investigate independent risk factors of postoperative hypoxemia in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).