BACKGROUND Neural stem cells are reported to exist in the hippocampus of adult mammals and are important sources of neurons for repair. The Notch1 signaling pathway is considered as one of the important regulators of neural stem cells, but its role in adult brains is unclear. We aimed to describe the role of Notch1 signaling in the adult rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury. MATERIAL AN...

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is widely expressed in the brain and exerts neurotoxicity in Parkinson's disease. The p38/Drosha signaling activation has been reported to increase cell death under stress. This study was designed to investigate the potential role and mechanism of LRRK2 in secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). A total of 130 male Sprague-Dawley rats were...

This study was conducted on patients of head injury admitted through Accident & Emergency Department of Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences during the year 2004 to determine the number of head injury patients, nature of head injuries, condition at presentation, treatment given in hospital and the outcome of intervention. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) deaths were also studied retrospecti...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a heterogeneous disorder with many factors contributing to a spectrum of severity, leading to cognitive dysfunction that may last for many years after injury. Injury to axons in the white matter, which are preferentially vulnerable to biomechanical forces, is prevalent in many TBIs. Unlike focal injury to a discrete brain region, axonal injury is fundamentally an...

BACKGROUND Previous reports have proposed an association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent glioblastoma (GBM) formation. METHODS We used literature searches and radiographic evidence from two patients to assess the possibility of a link between TBI and GBM. RESULTS Epidemiological studies are equivocal on a possible link between brain trauma and increased risk of malignant...

background: aggressive personality changes are one of the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders after traumatic brain injury (tbi). it may lead to serious impairments in social relations and affect rehabilitation process. present research was performed to identify the determinant factors of personality change of aggressive characteristics after tbi. methods: 238 tbi patients (195 men and 43...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) often coexist because brain injuries are often sustained in traumatic experiences. This review outlines the significant overlap between PTSD and TBI by commencing with a critical outline of the overlapping symptoms and problems of differential diagnosis. The impact of TBI on PTSD is then described, with increasing evidence s...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a critical cause of hospitalization, disability, and death worldwide. The global increase in the incidence of TBI poses a significant socioeconomic burden. Guidelines for the management of acute TBI mostly pertain to emergency treatment. Comprehensive gene expression analysis is currently available for several animal models of TBI, along with enhanced understandi...

BACKGROUND Recent research suggests that a traumatic brain injury (TBI) can significantly increase the risk of later development of psychosis. However, it is unknown whether people at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis have experienced TBI at higher rates, compared to otherwise healthy individuals. This study evaluated the prevalence of mild TBI, whether it was related to past trauma and the...

Objective(s) Cytokines such as IL-1β are involved in inflammatory responses. This study evaluated the role of two different kinds of drugs (ibuprofen and celecoxib) on brain IL-10 and IL-1β after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in male rats. Materials and Methods Rats were assigned into 6 groups: intact, sham, TBI, and treated rats with vehicle, celecoxib or iboprophen. Cytokine concentrations ...