At the end of the cell cycle, the nascent cross wall is laid down within a transient membrane compartment referred to as the cell plate. Tethering factors, which act by capturing vesicles and holding them in the vicinity of their target membranes, are likely to play an important role in the first stages of cell plate assembly. Factors required for cell plate biogenesis, however, remain to be id...

Scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signaling pathways that function by interacting with multiple members of a signaling pathway and tethering them into complexes. We recently identified novel scaffold proteins that respectively regulate p53 and ERK pathways in gastrointestinal tumors. ArhGAP30 is a member of the RhoGAP family that are known to regulate Rho GTPases and thereby ...

In utero and early life environmental exposure programming may be critical to the onset of many diseases and dysfunctions in adulthood (Barker, 2007; Heindel, 2006), such as an increased risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease (Palinski et al. 2007), diabetes (Armitage et al. 2008), and breast cancer (Xue and Michels, 2007). Some in utero and early life environmental exposures have demonst...

Axonal injury is a pathological hallmark of both head injury and inflammatory-mediated neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis (Schirmer et al., 2013). Such axonal disruptions and/or disconnections typically result in proximal axonal segments that remain in continuity with the neuronal soma while losing contact with their distal targets. These disconnected axonal segments contribut...

We present a formula expressing Earle’s twisted 1-cocycle on the mapping class group of a closed oriented surface of genus ≥ 2 relative to a fixed base point, with coefficients in the first homology group of the surface. For this purpose we compare it with Morita’s twisted 1-cocycle which is combinatorial. The key is the computation of these cocycles on a particular element of the mapping class...

We present a formula expressing Earle’s twisted 1-cocycle on the mapping class group of a closed oriented surface of genus ≥ 2 relative to a fixed base point, with coefficients in the first homology group of the surface. For this purpose we compare it with Morita’s twisted 1-cocycle which is combinatorial. The key is the computation of these cocycles on a particular element of the mapping class...

Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Burkholder) Young et al. (Psp) causes halo blight, which is a serious bacterial disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Several resistance (R) genes have been discovered in host differential cultivar ZAA 12. Our objectives were to further characterize and enable marker-assisted selection (MAS) of the Pse-2 gene in ZAA 12 purported to have broad eff...

The myelin Po protein is believed to hold myelin together via interactions of both its extracellular and cytoplasmic domains. We have already shown that the extracellular domains of Po can interact in a homophilic manner (Filbin, M.T., F.S. Walsh, B.D. Trapp, J.A. Pizzey, and G.I. Tennekoon. 1990. Nature (Lond.). 344:871-872). In addition, we have shown that for this homophilic adhesion to take...

Although multiple sclerosis is commonly designated as an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, historical and modern descriptions have underscored the involvement of axons and neuron cell bodies as germane to a more complete understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease (Raine and Cross, 1989; Ferguson et al., 1997; Trapp et al., 1998; Bitsch et al., 2000; Pet...