BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of pleural fluid brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-pro-BNP) and ST2, which are biomarkers of myocyte stress, for diagnosing pleural effusions due to heart failure (HF). BNP and ST2 have not been previously evaluated in pleural fluid. METHODS The three biomarkers were measured in the pleural flu...

The first diagnostic step in pleural effusions is the separation of transudates from exudates. We aimed in present study to investigate the value of HDL/LDL ratio for distinguishing between pleural exudates and transudates. Pleural fluids (PF)from 121 patients, including 28 transudates and 93 exudates were analyzed. The levels of cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in PF were measu...

OBJECTIVES To determine the relative usefulness of different criteria for the separation of pleural transudates from exudates. DESIGN Prospective evaluation of patients referred for thoracentesis. SETTING Community teaching hospital. PATIENTS Three hundred fifty-one consecutive patients with pleural effusions referred for thoracentesis. Fifty-four of these patients were excluded from the ...

The rise in adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in the pleural fluid of tuberculous pleurisy patients, though used for diagnosis, is of unknown origin. In this work, we determined ADA activity and the activities of 2'-deoxyadenosine deaminase and ADA-2 in 350 patients. We also considered whether the results throw light on the origin of high pleural fluid ADA in tuberculous pleurisy and estimated...

Background: Light's criteria was reported 25% of misclassification transudates as exu­dates. This study aimed to analyse the accuracy examining uric acid levels and pleural fluid levels, cholesterol ratios distinguish exudates in effusions. Subjects Method: a cross-sectional de­sign conducted at Dr. Moe­wardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, from July August 2019. The subjects were 30 effusio...

In response to social-evaluative threat induced in the laboratory, lower (compared to higher) subjective social class of a participant predicts greater increases in the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). In spite of the interpersonal nature of social-evaluation, little work has explored whether characteristics of the evaluator shape physiological responses in this context. In the curre...

BACKGROUND To determine the accuracy of serum-effusion albumin gradient (SEAG) and pleural fluid to serum albumin ratio (ALBR) in the diagnostic separation of pleural effusion into transudate and exudate and to compare SEAG and ALBR with pleural fluid LDH (FLDH) the most widely used test. METHODS Data collected from 200 consecutive patients with a known cause of pleural effusion in a United K...

The available virus-like particle (VLP)-based prophylactic vaccines against specific human papillomavirus (HPV) types afford close to 100% protection against the type-associated lesions and disease. Based on papillomavirus animal models, it is likely that protection against genital lesions in humans is mediated by HPV type-restricted neutralizing antibodies that transudate or exudate at the sit...

This study analysed clinical features and laboratory investigations in 145 patients with tuberculous peritonitis diagnosed by peritoneoscopy at this hospital between 1984 and 1988. Tuberculous peritonitis was found in 2% of all patients with tuberculosis and in 59.8% of all those with abdominal tuberculosis admitted to the hospital during the study period. Tuberculous peritonitis was more commo...

A 30-year-old African-American female presented to the Emergency Department with a complaint of a cough for two months. The patient had a history of developmental delay, seizure disorder and ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt. Physical exam was significant for a blood pressure at 101/71 mm Hg, heart rate at 111 beats per minute, respiratory rate at 18 breaths per minute and temperature of 98o F. ...