The spleen is a major site for extramedullary hematopoiesis and adult mouse and human spleens retain low numbers of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Hematopoiesis is however dependent on stromal microenvironments that provide appropriate molecular signals. Recent evidence now suggests that a distinct stromal cell type exists in the spleen which can function as a niche for hematopoiesis. This rev...

PRIMARY non function of islet allografts and chronic failure of intrahepatic islet autografts has been observed in large animals and humans, bringing into question the liver as the ideal site for islet transplantation. Our hypothesis is that inflammatory mediators released in the microenvironment at the transplant site might result in impaired islet engraftment. The L-arginine~ependent nitric o...

background: recent reports demonstrated that intravenous route as a minimally invasive method, similar to direct injection, is suitable for bone marrow stromal cell (bmsc) transplantation. in this study, we made a comparison of intraspinal and intravenous route of bmsc administration to repair injured spinal cord tissue. methods: six groups of adult female rats were used in this study. laminect...

objective: currently, cellular transplantation for spinal cord injuries (sci) is the subject of numerous preclinical studies. among the many cell types in the adult brain, there is a unique subpopulation of neural stem cells (nsc) that can self-renew and differentiate into neurons. the study aims, therefore, to explore the efficacy of adult monkey nsc (mnsc) in a primate sci model. materials an...

some patients are more susceptible to hcc (like hbv, cirrhosis and …). in these patientsscreening imaging (ultrasound) is highly recommended. in positive cases next step would be 4-phasic ct scan or dynamic mri for confirm diagnosis and also staging. if there are typical signs of hcc (wash in, wash out), biopsy is not necessary in susceptible populations. gold standard treatment of hcc is surge...

background: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cellscan transdifferentiate into cardiomyocyte cells and improveheart function after transplantation. since biomaterials canimprove the cell retention in the site, cell survival and differentiation,heart tissue engineering is now being explored as anapplied solution to support cell-based therapies and increasetheir efficacy for myocardial diseases. ch...

treatment of spinal cord injury by exogenous cells has brought both successful and unsuccessful results. olfactory ensheathing cells and schwann cells have been widely used for transplantation purposes. in this study, we investigated the effects of these cells on contused spinal cord by introducing cells into subarachnoid space. fifty thousand schwann cells or olfactory ensheathing cells or a m...