Our ability to optically interrogate nanoscopic objects is controlled by the difference between their extinction cross sections and the diffraction-limited area to which light can be confined in the far field. We show that a partially transmissive spatial mask placed near the back focal plane of a high numerical aperture microscope objective enhances the extinction contrast of a scatterer near ...

We describe a novel approach to implementing wide-field-of-view narrow-band spectral filters, using an array of resonant nanocavities consisting of periodic defects in a two-dimensional three-material photonic-crystal nanostructure. We analyze the transmissivity of this type of filter for a range of wavelengths and in-plane incidence angles as a function of the defect's refractive index, the nu...

Entangled states are notoriously non-separable, their sub-ensembles being only statistical mixtures yielding no coherences and no quantum interference phenomena. The interesting features of entangled states can be revealed only by coincidence counts over the (typically) two sub-ensembles of the system. In this paper we show that this feature extends to properties thought to be local, for exampl...

LLE Review, Volume 126 59 Introduction The transition of an insulator to a metal (metallization) at high compression is generally the result of pressure-induced closure of the band gap.1–4 Lithium fluoride’s (LiF’s) largeband-gap and ionic crystalline structure produces its uniquely high ultraviolet transmissivity. Two rare-gas solids, He and Ne, have anomalously high metallization pressures be...

Estimating reductions in streamflow caused by groundwater pumping (“streamflow depletion”) is critical for conjunctive groundwater-surface water management. Streamflow depletion can be quantified using analytical models, which have low data requirements but many simplifying assumptions, or numerical represent physical processes more realistically high data, effort, and expertise requirements. A...

The hydraulic behavior of fractured rocks under shear-thinning flow is a challenging topic interest in several fields, related either to environmental remediation or natural resources recovery. compound effect fluid rheology and medium heterogeneity strongly affects transport geological formations. Here, stochastic analysis conducted via Monte Carlo simulations investigate the fluids fractures ...