We propose a new method for image de-noising based on the contourlet transform, which has been recently introduced. Image de-noising by means of the contourlet transform introduces many visual artifacts due to the Gibbs-like phenomena. Due to the lack of translation invariance of the contourlet transform, we employ a cycle-spinning-based technique to develop translation invariant contourlet de-...

Solution concepts in cooperative games are based on either cost games or benefit games. Although cost games and benefit games are strategically equivalent, that is not the case in general for solution concepts. Motivated by this important observation, a new property called invariance property with respect to benefit/cost allocation is introduced in this paper. Since such a property can be regar...

Introduction Expressed emotion refers to relatives' attitudes and emotional behaviors toward mentally ill family members. It is a robust predictor of patients' illness outcomes caregivers' wellbeing in wide range mental disorders. However, expressed has not been fully explored the Chinese context. One reason lack reliable cost-effective measurements. A reliable, valid, user-friendly instrument ...

We study quantum field models in indefinite metric. We introduce the modified Wightman axioms of Morchio and Strocchi as a general framework of indefinite metric quantum field theory (QFT) and present concrete interacting relativistic models obtained by analytical continuation from some stochastic processes with Euclidean invariance. As a first step towards scattering theory in indefinite metri...

Entropy is used as a quantitative measurement of the information deficiency. In uncertain set theory, logarithm entropy for uncertain set has been proposed. However, it fails to measure the degree of uncertainty associated with some uncertain sets. Thus this paper will propose sine entropy for uncertain set as a supplement, and investigate its properties such as translation invariance and posit...

The standard infinite-volume definition of connected correlation function and particle mass in the 3-state Potts model can be implemented in Monte Carlo simulations by using C-periodic spatial boundary conditions. This avoids both the breaking of translation invariance (cold wall b.c.) and the phase-dependent and thus possibly biased evaluation of data (periodic b.c.). The numerical feasibility...

We investigate a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate loaded into a translating optical lattice. We experimentally demonstrate the lack of Galilean invariance in the spin-orbit-coupled system, which leads to anisotropic behavior of the condensate depending on the direction of translation of the lattice. The anisotropy is theoretically understood by an effective dispersion relation. We ex...

Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is a recent and powerful mathematical tool which has stimulated many developments in several scientific and technical fields, particularly in signal and image processing. Its multiresolution properties are a major advantage. However, in video coding, motion management using DWT is a major challenge due to the DWT decomposition algorithms which does not preserve ...

When these are substituted into his equation (17), the right hand side of his equation (18) vanishes. What Marchildon’s calculations have, in fact, established is that the assumption of translation invariance (Fraunhoffer diffraction and plane waves) imposed by me in my papers are sufficient but not necessary to obtain the basic result, namely that the trajectories are symmetrical at all times ...