Theories of fuzzy sets and type-2 fuzzy sets are powerful mathematical tools for modeling various types of uncertainty. In this paper we introduce the concept of type-2 fuzzy finite state automata and discuss the algebraic study of type-2 fuzzy finite state automata, i.e., to introduce the concept of homomorphisms between two type-2 fuzzy finite state automata, to associate a type-2 fuzzy trans...

In this paper we study the numerical solution for an p−Laplacian type of evolution system Ht + ∇ × [|∇ × H|p−2∇ × H] = F(x, t), p > 2 in two space dimensions. For large p this system is an approximation of Bean’s critical-state model for type-II superconductors. By introducing suitable transformation, the system is equivalent to a nonlinear parabolic equation. For the nonlinear parabolic proble...

The notion of a &Gamma-semigroup was introduced by Sen [8] in 1981. We can see that any semigroup can be considered as a &Gamma-semigroup. The aim of this article is to study the concept of (0-)minimal and max- imal ordered bi-ideals in ordered &Gamma-semigroups, and give some charac- terizations of (0-)minimal and maximal ordered bi-ideals in ordered &Gamma- semigroups analogous to the charact...

In [1,2,3], A. C. Baker and J.W. Baker studied the subspace Ma(S) of the convolution measure algebra M, (S) of a locally compact semigroup. H. Dzinotyiweyi in [5,7] considers an analogous measure space on a large class of C-distinguished topological semigroups containing all completely regular topological semigroups. In this paper, we extend the definitions to study the weighted semigroup ...

Semigroups whose congruences form a chain are often termed ∆-semigroups. The commutative ∆-semigroups were determined by Schein and by Tamura. A natural generalization of commutativity is permutativity: a semigroup is permutative if it satisfies a non-identity permutational identity. We completely determine the permutative ∆-semigroups. It turns out that there are only six noncommutative exampl...

We characterize (in almost all cases) the holomorphic self-maps of the unit disk that intertwine two given linear fractional self-maps of the disk. The proofs are based on iteration and a detailed analysis of the solutions of Schroeder’s and Abel’s equations. In particular, we characterize the maps that commute with a given linear fractionalmap (in the cases that are not already known) and, as ...

In this paper we are concerned with the following question: for a semigroup S, what is the largest size of a subsemigroup T ≤ S where T has a given property? The semigroups S that we consider are the full transformation semigroups; all mappings from a finite set to itself under composition of mappings. The subsemigroups T that we consider are of one of the following types: left zero, right zero...

In this paper, we first introduce the new concept of completely semiprime fuzzy ideals of an ordered semigroup S, which is an extension of completely semiprime ideals of ordered semigroup S, and investigate some its related properties. Especially, we characterize an ordered semigroup that is a semilattice of simple ordered semigroups in terms of completely semiprime fuzzy ideals of ordered semi...

We introduce the notion of Gröbner S-basis of an ideal of the free associative algebra K〈X〉 over a field K invariant under the action of a semigroup S of endomorphisms of the algebra. We calculate the Gröbner S-bases of the ideal corresponding to the universal enveloping algebra of the free nilpotent of class 2 Lie algebra and of the T-ideal generated by the polynomial identity [x, y, z] = 0, w...

We consider properties of second-order operatorsH = − ∑d i,j=1 ∂i cij ∂j on R with bounded real symmetric measurable coefficients. We assume that C = (cij) ≥ 0 almost everywhere, but allow for the possibility that C is singular. We associate with H a canonical self-adjoint viscosity operator H0 and examine properties of the viscosity semigroup S generated by H0. The semigroup extends to a posit...