Patterns of fish distribution in French Polynesia were studied at several spatial scales: a single transect (with 280 species, 22 stations), on Moorea Island; several transects on the same island (171 species, 14 stations) and transects from 5 islands including Moorea (189 species, 10 stations). There were significant variations in abundance, richness and composition of species among sites with...

Understanding the role of scale is critical to ecologists’ ability to make appropriate measurements, to ‘‘scale up’’ from local, short-term experiments to larger areas and longer times, to formulate models of community structure, and to address important conservation problems. Although these issues have received increased attention in recent years, empirical measurements of the scales of ecolog...

the aim of this study preparation of the predicted soil maps by using kriging and inverse distance weighting methods in east rangeland of semnan. sampling was done within each unit of sampling parallel transects and 1 vertical transect with 750m length. soil samples were taken from 0-20 cm in starting and ending points of each transect. there were used kriging and inverse distance weighting met...

topography and climate are two important soil forming factors affecting genesis and clay mineralogy of soils. calcareous and gypsiferous soils are widely spread in arid and semiarid parts of iran and palygorskite is a dominant clay mineral in these soils. the objectives of the study were to: (1) determine soil genesis and classification along the climotoposequence and (2) investigate clay miner...