Chronic use of systemic glucocorticoids results in progressive bone loss and pathologic fractures. This study identified the predictive variables for bone loss and used peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) to measure changes in cortical and trabecular bone in patients receiving systemic glucocorticoid therapy of prednisone 15.4 g. Eighty-four asthmatic patients were included in th...

Rapid bone defect filling with normal bone is a challenge in orthopaedics and dentistry. Strontium ranelate (SrRan) has been shown to in vitro decrease bone resorption and increase bone formation, and represents a potential agent with the capacity to accelerate bone defect filling. In this study, bone tibial defects of 2.5 mm in diameter were created in 6-month-old female rats orally fed SrRan ...

Low bone density is a growing concern in aging men with hemophilia and may result in high-morbidity fragility fractures. Using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), we demonstrate low trabecular and cortical bone density contributing to lower volumetric bone mineral density (BMD) at both distal radius and tibia in patients with hemophilia compared with age- and ...

Aging is associated with significant bone loss in women and in men [1]. Fig. 1, which draws on numerous cross-sectional and longitudinal studies using areal bone mineral density (aBMD) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), depicts the overall pattern of bone loss in both sexes. The menopause in women is associated with a rapid loss of trabecular bone, as is present in the vertebrae, pelvis...

introduction: the low regeneration of bone in defective bones causes therapeutic problems. various strategies to assess the healing of bone defects have been used which they include histological and histo-chemical analysis in an invasive study. the purpose of this study was to determine the ultrasonic parameters of bone as a promising noninvasive technology for assessing bone repair process. ma...

Quantitative assessment of three-dimensional (3D) trabecular structural characteristics may improve our ability to understand the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, to test the efficacy of pharmaceutical intervention, and to estimate bone biomechanical properties. Considerable progress has been made in advanced imaging techniques for noninvasive and/or nondestructive assessment of 3D trabecular s...

Bone adaptation algorithms that predict the relationship between bone loads and density assume that bone is effectively isotropic. The isotropic assumption cannot explain bone anisotropy and directionality, which are evident from the trabecular architecture. We have modeled the trabecular bone in the proximal femur as effectively orthotropic. Instead of determining the density distribution, we ...

To assess the effects of gonadal steroid replacement on bone density in men with osteoporosis due to severe hypogonadism, we measured cortical bone density in the distal radius by 125I photon absorptiometry and trabecular bone density in the lumbar spine by quantitative computed tomography in 21 men with isolated GnRH deficiency while serum testosterone levels were maintained in the normal adul...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) family cytokines act via gp130 in the osteoblast lineage to stimulate the formation of osteoclasts (bone resorbing cells) and the activity of osteoblasts (bone forming cells), and to inhibit expression of the osteocyte protein, sclerostin. We report here that a profound reduction in trabecular bone mass occurs both when gp130 is deleted in the entire osteoblast lineage (Osx...

The current study was designed to investigate the skeletal effects of alfacalcidol in aged rats. Eighteen-month-old male rats were treated with 0, 0.1, or 0.2 microg/kg/d of alfacalcidol by daily oral gavage, 5 days/week for 12 weeks. At the beginning of the treatments, one group of rats was euthanized to serve as a baseline control. At the end of the study, the second lumbar vertebrae and the ...