purpose: to evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin-a (bta) injection into the inferior oblique (io) muscle in releaving the symptoms of superior oblique (so) palsy. methods: the study was conducted on patients who were referred for acquired so palsy with less than 2 years of duration. about 10-20 unit of bta was injected into the belly of the inferior oblique muscle through the inferotemporal q...

chemical pollutants presence in water may induce severe ecological consequences and consequently affecting aquatic ecosystems integrity. heavy metals are dangerous pollutants for aquatic inhabitants that have a great stability. heavy metals contamination (pollution) of the surface waters happens widely by discharge of mill effluents. the objective of the present study was to determine the 50% l...

the present study deals with the oral supplementation with (50, 100 and 150 ?g/ml) synergetic effect of potassium and magnesium chloride on the fat body glycogen, protein, total lipids and haemolymph trehalose, protein of fifth instar larvae of bombyx mori l (lepidoptera: bombycidae). the observed parameters significantly increased in all the treated groups when compared with those of the corre...

introduction: aluminum is known as a neurotoxic element which causes neurodegeneration, learning deduction and movement disorders. aluminum ions in the brain cause serious problems such as alzheimer, parkinson and other degenerative diseases. on the other hand, zinc is a dietary element essential for several biological processes, modulates neurotransmission in brain regions and associates with ...

Background: T-2 toxin is a mycotoxin of type A trichothecenes produced by several fungal genera such as Fusarium species. Mycotoxins can affect both cell mediated and humoral immune compartments. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investi-gate the effect of T-2 toxin on cytokine production by mouse peritoneal macrophages and lymph node T cells. Methods: Mouse peritoneal macrophages and...

background: cigarette smoking has been linked with the suppression of immune responses and increased susceptibility to numerous infections in humans. tetanus is also a major public health problem in many countries. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum levels of anti-tetanus toxin antibodies in c igarette smoking and healthy non-smoking people .   materials and methods: a total...

  Background: Cigarette smoking has been linked with the suppression of immune responses and increased susceptibility to numerous infections in humans. Tetanus is also a major public health problem in many countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum levels of anti-tetanus toxin antibodies in c igarette smoking and healthy non-smoking people .   Materials and M...

Background. The diarrhoeal shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxin is a powerful marine biological toxin. Eating DSP toxin-contaminated mussels will lead to serious gastrointestinal diseases. To this end, method for the detection of toxins using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy combined with pattern recognition proposed. Material and methods. In range from 950−1700 nm, spectral data healthy DSP-c...

Background and Objective:Outbreak of food-borne diseases has become more and more important these days and using natural food preservers with high durability is under debate. Vegetative essence is a type of food preserver and many studies have been performed on their antimicrobial effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate antibacterial effects of lavender essence on...

hormone-independent prostate cancer cell lines are resistant to antineoplastic drugs, this study sought to determine the usefulness of lithium chloride as an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3β to increase the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin, etoposide or vinblastine antineoplastic drugs on du145 cells. combination effect was assessed by using low and ic50 doses of drugs + lithium chloride...