A 20–L attached–growth anaerobic system with floating plastic Ballast rings as a medium has been studied for swine wastewater [chemical oxygen demand (COD) = 1,925 to 2,033 mg/L; total suspended solids (TSS) = 1,051 to 1,184 mg/L] treatment at the mesophilic temperature of 353C. The plastic Ballast rings had a specific surface area of 108 m2/m3 and a density of 0.98 g/cm3 and filled the upper h...

An estimation of the organic content of water has been used for some time as an indicator of water qual i ty (E.P.A. 1975). The carbon adsorption method (CAM) was developed in 1951-52 for this purpose but is no longer recommended (CAPELLI et al . 1977, OTSON et al . 1979). With recent improvements in analytical instrumentation, total organic carbon (TOC) determinations are being used to assess ...

The mechanisms regarding the influence of dissolved organics in papermaking whitewater together with metal ions on the fouling of an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane were studied in this paper. A series of experiments were carried out to characterize the organic matters’ size and membrane flux. The associated fouling mechanism was investigated using the modified Hermia empirical model, resistance ...

The Tibetan Plateau is the world’s largest and highest plateau and holds the largest mass of ice on Earth outside the icesheets of Greenland and Antarctica, as well as abundant lakes. This study examined the molecular and isotopic signatures of dissolved organic matter (DOM) along with its biolability in glacier ice, glacier-fed streams, and alpine lakes on the Tibetan Plateau. The aim was to a...

BACKGROUND Nutrition and lifestyle are well-defined modulators of chronic diseases. Poor dietary habits (such as high intake of processed foods rich in fat and low intake of fruits and vegetables), as well as a sedentary lifestyle clearly contribute to today's compromised quality of life in the United States. It is becoming increasingly clear that nutrition can modulate the toxicity of environm...

Introduction: Carbonaceous chondrites are known to contain up to 3wt.% C, the major part of which corresponds to a macromolecular organic fraction [1]. Chondritic organic matter is based on small aromatic units, cross-linked by short aliphatic chains rather than large clusters of polyaromatic structures [2]. Two main characteristic features of those organics measured by FTIR are (1) an equivale...

In this study, direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was used for treating fermentation wastewater with high organic concentrations. DCMD performance characteristics including permeate flux, permeate water quality as well as membrane fouling were investigated systematically. Experimental results showed that, after 12hr DCMD, the feed wastewater was concentrated by about a factor of 3.7 on...

Water in many areas of Australia is scarce and of poor quality. In some areas high levels of treatment are required either due to contamination of waters or due to high salinity. Nanofiltration (NF) and low pressure RO membranes are well recognised technologies to treat waters of qualities ranging from low salinity surface water to high salinity seawater. In remote communities the operation of ...

Membrane distillation is a promising technology to desalinate hypersaline produced waters. However, the organic content can foul and wet membrane, while some fractions may pass into distillate impair its quality. In this study, applicability of traditional Fenton process was investigated preliminarily optimized as pre-treatment synthetic water for following step membrane distillation. The also ...

Bioaugmentation of bioreactors focuses on the removal of xenobiotics, with little attention typically paid to the recovery of disrupted reactor functions such as ammonium-nitrogen removal. Chloroanilines are widely used in industry as a precursor to a variety of products and are occasionally released into wastewater streams. This work evaluated the effects on activated-sludge reactor functions ...