In this project, we propose a new approach to hand written character recognition, called dynamic reshaping, which avoids the respective drawbacks of classical neural network approaches. Contrary to the neural network based recognition, our scheme does not need any training set, instead, only very limited character templates are needed. Dynamic reshaping recognition is based on the dynamic trans...

The lizard family Iguanidae comprises eight living genera distributed throughout the New and Old World, and includes several island endemics. We reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among these genera using 90 previously published morphological characters, to which we add a molecular (mtDNA sequence) data set that includes 742 nucleotides of the ND4 gene and the complete sequences of the hist...

in order to identify the species of the family lauxaniidae, a study was conducted in horand region located in northern part of east azerbaijan province, iran, during 2011-2013. a total of six species belonging to three genera were identified, including calliopum caucasicum (shatalkin, 1995) and minettia lupulina (fabricius, 1787) newly reported from iran. the diagnostic characters, geographical...

Since there are no spaces between words to mark word boundaries in Chinese, it is common see 2 identical neighboring characters natural text. Usually, this occurs when adjacent containing the same character (we will call such a coincidental sequence of repeated characters). In present study, we examined how Chinese readers process characters. 3 experiments, compared 4-character strings includin...

A total of three Chinese species of the genus Intestinarius Kurbatov, 2007 are recognized, among which, two new species are described: Intestinarius guangdongensissp. n. from Guangdongand Intestinarius longicepssp. n. from Guizhou. Illustrations of major diagnostic characters are given for all three Chinese species including Intestinarius kuzmini Kurbatov, 2007. A key is included to aid in thei...

This study deals with fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae) collected in McPhail traps in the municipalities of Concepción, Belén, Horqueta, Loreto (state of Concepción) and Santa Rosa (state of Misiones), Paraguay. In total, 17 species were captured, 9 of which are new records for Paraguay. All morphological characters used for species identification are illustrated.

We investigated the phylogenetic relationships among five species of lampridiform fishes, three basal outgroup species (two aulopiforms and one myctophiform), and two species of non-lampridiform acanthomorphs (Polymixia and Percopsis) using a combined parsimony analysis of morphological and molecular data. Morphological characters included 28 transformation series obtained from the literature. ...