This paper is devoted to an extension of the inclusion operator. The main idea that we suggest is to relax the arguments of the inclusion by means of proximity-based modifiers in order to obtain a more tolerant inclusion. It is shown that the relaxation can be envisaged in order to design a tolerant inclusion whose result is either Boolean, or valued in the unit interval. The focus is particula...

"Tolerance" to penicillin in streptococci was investigated by two different techniques. Of 70 strains examined, 35 appeared tolerant in conventional titrations and 31 appeared tolerant when tested by a recently-described disc method. There was 88% agreement between the two methods, but the disc test failed to detect tolerance shown by titrations in six strains of streptococci, including three b...

An adoptive transfer system was used to examine the capacity of cellular inocula from rats fully tolerant of Ag-B antigens to transfer tolerance to irradiated recipients. Permanent tolerance in these irradiated recipients involved specific suppression of the regenerating immune response. Cells obtained from tissues rich in recirculating lymphocytes were the most effective suppressors. Highly pu...

Salt stress is one of the major constraints for wheat cultivation inIranand leads to a considerable loss in crop yield each year. In high salinity soils, the reduced osmotic potential of soil solutes may cause physiological drought. In this study the salt tolerance of different drought-tolerant bread wheat genotypes were studied by examining various agronomic and physiological traits, inclu...

Intrusion Tolerant systems provide high-integrity and high-availability services to their clients in the face of successful attacks from an adversary. The Intrusion Tolerant Distributed Object Systems (ITDOS) research project is developing an architecture for a heterogeneous intrusion tolerant distributed object system. ITDOS integrates a Byzantine Fault Tolerant multicast protocol into an open...

For the interconnection network topology, it is usually represented by a graph. When a network is used, processors and/or links faults may happen. Thus, it is meaningful to consider faulty networks. We consider k-regular graphs in this paper. We define a k-regular hamiltonian and hamiltonian connected graph G is super fault-tolerant hamiltonian if G remains hamiltonian after removing at most k ...

Reversible Logic is gaining significant consideration as the potential logic design style for implementation in modern nanotechnology and quantum computing with minimal impact on physical entropy .Fault Tolerant reversible logic is one class of reversible logic that maintain the parity of the input and the outputs. Significant contributions have been made in the literature towards the design of...

High performance computing platforms such as Clusters, Grid and Desktop Grids are becoming larger and subject to more frequent failures. MPI is one of the most used message passing libraries in HPC applications. These two trends raise the need for fault-tolerant MPI. The MPICH-V project focuses on designing, implementing and comparing several automatic fault-tolerant protocols for MPI applicati...

This paper introduces different views for understanding problems and faults with the goal of defining a method for the formal specification of systems. The idea of Layered Fault Tolerant Specification (LFTS) is proposed to make the method extensible to fault tolerant systems. The principle is layering the specification in different levels, the first one for the normal behavior and the others fo...