2',3'-0-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)ADP (= T N P-A DP) is a competitive inhibitor o f photophos­ phorylation o f ADP. Here, the interaction o f TNP-A D P with the H +-translocating chloroplast ATPase and other thylakoid membrane proteins was studied more in detail and compared with the interactions o f the parental compounds ADP and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (= picric acid). The following results were obt...

We read with interest the issues raised by Rakha and colleagues [1] in their response to our recent research article [2], and we are pleased to address them. An important conclusion from our research article is that triple-negative breast cancer can be equated to basal-like breast cancer. In their letter, Rakha and colleagues [1] state that equating triple-negative phenotype (TNP) tumours with ...

A Phase I study of angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 was conducted in patients with advanced cancer. TNP-470 (25-235 mg/m2) was administered i.v. over 4 h once a week to patients who had solid tumors refractory to the best available treatment or with a high risk of recurrence and who had normal renal, hepatic, and hematological function and no evidence of coagulopathy. The aims of the study were t...

This article deals with three cellulose-based fluorescent macromolecular sensors by introducing 1,8-naphthalimide fluorophore to cellulose. First, through the etherification reaction of cellulose BrCH2CH2NH2, –NH2 group–bearing CS 1 was obtained. Then, group reacts 4-bromo-1,8-naphthalic anhydride synthesize a naphthalimide derivative (CS 2). Finally, recognition introduced substituting Br atom...

T cell responses against hapten-modified peptides play an important role in the pathogenesis of certain diseases, including contact dermatitis and allergy. However, the structural features of TCRs recognizing bulky, potentially mobile hapten groups remain poorly defined. To analyze the structural basis of TCR recognition of defined hapten-modified peptides, the immunodominant octapeptide derive...

Immune modulation by heavy metals may cause serious adverse health effects in humans, although the mechanisms involved are not well understood. Both cadmium and lead are important environmental and occupational toxins. Therefore, in the current study, the costimulatory/adjuvant effects and the T-cell-activating potential of these metals (i.e., CdCl2 and PbCl2), are examined. These immune-modula...

Mouse splenic lymphocytes and lymphoid tumor cells were modified with the trinitrophenyl (TNP) group either by treatment with trinitrobenzene sulfonate (TNBS) (which covalently modifies cell surface proteins) or with TNP stearoyl dextran (TSD) (which binds to the cell by noncovalent forces). These cell preparations were compared for their ability to: (a) sensitive syngeneic splenic lymphocytes ...

The current study is focused on the synthesis of polyaniline-tea waste nanocomposite (PANI-TWC) material as a competent adsorbent for effective removal trinitrophenol (TNP) from aqueous medium. Batch experiments were performed to examine influence various adsorption parameters such pH, dose adsorbents, contact time and initial concentration TNP process. kinetic data fitted with pseudo-first pse...

In this study T helper cells that recognize idiotypes as carriers for a hapten-specific B cell response were analyzed under limiting dilution conditions. T helper cells, induced by phosphorylcholine-hemocyanin (PC-Hy) priming, recognize trinitrophenylated TEPC-15 and MOPC-167 (TNP-T15, TNP-167) equally well. Limiting dilution analysis indicates identical frequencies of helper cells for TNP-T15 ...

After infection with a cloned population of Trypanosoma vivax, C57BL/6 mice controlled parasitemia during the exponential growth phase and survived, with intermittent parasitemia, for several weeks. In contrast, most mice of the C3H/He strain did not control the first wave of parasitemia and died within 9 to 13 days after infection. Control of parasitemia in C57BL/6 mice was mediated by the pro...