This paper presents the fabrication and electrical characterization of high aspect-ratio (AR) sub-micron diameter through silicon vias (TSVs) for densely interconnected three-dimensional (3D) stacked integrated circuits (ICs). The fabricated TSV technology features an AR of 16:1 with 680 nm diameter copper (Cu) core and 920 nm overall diameter. To address the challenges in scaling TSVs, scallop...

We have studied the superconducting behavior of a 100 nm Titanium Nitride (TiN) thin film in a perpendicular magnetic field. We found a zero field transition temperature of 4.6 K and a slope for the transition line in the H-T plane of −0.745 T /K. At 4.2 K, we have performed careful transport measurements by measuring both the differential resistivity and voltage as a function of a DC current. ...

This work compares the estimates of shear strengths of aluminium nitride and titanium diboride obtained (a) from the simultaneous measurements of longitudinal and lateral stress by means of manganin gauges under plane shock wave loading with (b) those calculated from the offset between hydrodynamic and shock Hugoniot of these materials. The results of this work show that whereas the estimates o...

Deprotonation of the parent titanium imido ((tBu)nacnac)Ti≡NH(Ntolyl2) ((tBu)nacnac(-) = [ArNC(t)Bu]2CH; Ar = 2,6-(i)Pr2C6H3) with KCH2Ph forms a rare example of a molecular titanium nitride as a dimer, {[K][((tBu)nacnac)Ti≡N(Ntolyl2)]}2. From the parent imido or nitride salt, the corresponding aluminylimido-etherate adduct, ((tBu)nacnac)Ti≡N[AlMe2(OEt2)](Ntolyl2), can be isolated and structura...

Powder metallurgy techniques have been used to produce controlled porous structures, such as the porous coatings applied for dental and orthopedic surgical implants, which allow bony tissue ingrowth within the implant surface improving fixation. This work presents the processing and characterization of titanium porous coatings of different porosity levels, processed through powder metallurgy te...

The hydrothermal-electrochemical method is best suited for producing homogeneous apatite coatings on electro-conductive materials with complicated shape, such as the mesh. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of the apatite coating prepared by this coating method on cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells in culture. The cells attached and spread well on t...

The transition metal nitrides like titanium nitride exhibit very interesting color variation properties depending on the different plasma deposition conditions using cylindrical magnetron sputtering method. It is found in this deposition study that nitrogen partial pressure in the reactive gas discharge environment plays a significant role on the color variation of the film coatings on bell-met...

low carbon steel samples were both shot into and inoculated with titanium in order to improve mechanical properties such as strength and toughness. sem observations and x-ray analyses revealed that titanium nitride and titanium carbonitride precipitates being scattered in the ferrite substrate reduce the grain size in all as-cast, heat-treated and as-rolled cases. the growth of the grains at hi...

Dental implant failure often occurs due to oral bacterial infection. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that antibiotic efficacy could be enhanced with modified titanium. First, the titanium was modified by anodization and heat-treatment. Then, a biomimetic coating process was completed in two steps. Surface characterization was performed with scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersi...

Boron nitride nanotubes have been proposed as a suitable reinforcement for metal matrix composites. In order to be effective, the interaction between the metal and the nanotube needs to be strong while retaining the nanotube structure. Computational quantum chemistry was used to study interactions of aluminium and titanium metal clusters with boron nitride nanotubes. The effect of varying the r...